Novel dual-colored 1,1′,1″,1‴-tetrasubstituted (4,4′,4″,4‴-tetrapyridyl) cyclobutane with rapid electrochromic switching

This work reports novel dual-colored and fast switching electrochromic materials based on pyridinium salts , 1,1′,1″,1‴-tetrakis(4,4′,4″,4‴-tetrapyridyl)cyclobutane derivatives (TPCBDs). TPCBDs show outstanding electrochromic properties including fast electrochromic switching, dual color, reasonable contrast, low driving voltage, and good stability. TPCBDs are promising candidates for visible electrochromic displays because of their remarkable electrochromic behaviors.