Synthesis, Thermal Behavior and Energy Performance of Nitroguanidyl-Functionalized Energetic Materials

Six nitroguanidyl-functionalized nitrogen-rich compounds were synthesized and characterized by EA, FT-IR, and NMR. In addition, the crystal structures of ANPTz, CABNG, and FANG were further determined by X-ray single-crystal diffractometer. The thermal decomposition behaviours were studied by the DSC-TG-FTIR-MS coupling technique and the results showed that all the compounds had good thermal stability, among which ANPTz had the best thermal stability ( T d =211.03 °C). Also, HCN, CO 2 , H 2 O, and NO 2 were released during thermal decomposition process. The self-accelerating decomposition temperature ( T SADT ) and thermal explosion critical temperature ( T b ) were calculated to evaluate thermal safety, and the relative order was as follows: FANG ( T SADT =198.68 °C, T b =209.97 °C)> ANPTz ( T SADT =194.12 °C, T b =208.63 °C)> BANTz ( T SADT =182.52 °C, T b =207.54 °C)> AANG ( T SADT =180.04 °C, T b =188.35 °C)> CABNG ( T SADT =176.80 °C, T b =187.32 °C)> MABNG ( T SADT =173.61 °C, T b =184.29 °C). The results indicated that FANG had the acceptable sensitivity ( IS =7.84 J), good detonation performance ( D =8551 m⋅s −1 , P =32.33 GPa), and the significant catalytic effect (the decomposition temperature of RDX decreased by 8.31 °C).