Structure and energy storage properties of (1-x)Ba0.98Li0.02TiO3 based ceramics with xBi(Mg1/2Sn1/2)O3 addition

Lead-free ferroelectric ceramics of (1-x)Ba 0.98 Li 0.02 TiO 3 -xBi(Mg 1/2 Sn 1/2 )O 3 (abbreviated as (1-x)BLT-xBMS, x = 0, 0.02, 0.04, 0.05, 0.06, 0.08) were synthesized through conventional solid-state sintering method. The effects of Bi(Mg 1/2 Sn 1/2 )O 3 addition on the phase transition, microstructure, the dielectric properties and the energy storage properties were investigated. All the BLT-BMS samples exhibited single phase perovskite structure. XRD and Roman spectrum confirmed the coexistence of the orthorhombic phase and tetragonal phase in the samples with x = 0.00–0.05, which turned to the coexistence of orthorhombic and cubic phase in the samples with x > 0.05. All the samples display dense microstructures with clear grain boundaries. The average grain size of the samples increases and the relaxor characteristics become stronger with the addition of BMS. The existence of orthorhombic phase apparently promotes the energy storage performance. The maximum energy density of 0.16 J/cm 3 and the largest energy efficiency of 70.42% were achieved with orthorhombic/tetragonal ratio of 53/47 at x = 0.05.