SERS detection of sodium thiocyanate and benzoic acid preservatives in liquid milk using cysteamine functionalized core-shelled nanoparticles

A cysteamine functionalized core shelled nanoparticles (Au@Ag-CysNPs) was presented for simultaneous and rapid detection of sodium thiocyanate (STC) and benzoic acid (BA) preservatives in liquid milk using surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) technique. A spectrum covering 350–2350 cm −1 region was selected to detect STC with concentrations ranging from 0.5 to 10 mg/L and BA with concentrations ranging from 15 to 240 mg/L in milk samples. Characterization of nanoparticles using high-resolution TEM confirmed that the successful synthesis of Au@AgNPs with core (gold) size of 28 nm and shell (silver) thickness of about 5 nm was grafted with 120 μL of 0.1 nM cysteamine hydrochloride. Results showed that Au@Ag-CysNPs could be used to detect STC up to 0.03 mg/L with a limit of quantification (LOQ) of 0.039 mg/L and a coefficient of determination (R 2 ) of 0.9833 in the milk sample. For detecting BA, it could be screened up to 9.8 mg/L with LOQ of 10.2 mg/L and R 2 of 0.9903. The proposed substrate was also highly sensitive and the employed method involved only minor sample pretreatment steps. It is thus hoped that the new substrate could be used in the screening of prohibited chemicals in complex food matrices in future studies.