Ginkgo biloba leaf extract for the synthesis of gold nanoparticles and its application for electrochemical detection of diclofenac

In this work, gold nanoparticles were prepared by reduction using Ginkgo biloba extract and modified with a glassy carbon electrode to investigate the electrochemical behavior of diclofenac. The effect of temperature on the synthesis of gold nanoparticles was investigated. The results showed that the best gold nanoparticles were synthesized at 180 °C. SEM characterized the prepared gold nanoparticles, and the size distribution was about 50~100 nm. During the electrochemical detection of diclofenac, two experimental parameters, the modification amount and the sweep rate were optimized, and a modification amount of 5 μL and a sweep rate of 100 mV/s were determined. The performance of the green synthesized gold nanoparticle modified electrode for the electrochemical detection of diclofenac was investigated using cyclic voltammetry with linear detection limits ranging from 5 to 600 μM and the lowest detection limit of 0.524 μM. In addition, the effect of impurity ions (molecules) on the electrochemical detection of diclofenac at gold nanoparticle-modified electrodes was investigated, and the results showed that none of the impurities measured affected the qualitative detection of diclofenac.