An Enzyme-Encapsulated Metal-Organic Frameworks Nanomesh Biosensor for Salivary Glucose Detection

Diabetes mellitus has become a serious public health problem worldwide. Current home-based glucose testing, including fingerstick blood testing and continuous glucose monitoring, suffers from low compliance and potential infection. Non-invasive glucose detection, with the advantages of pain-free, easy-to-operate, and low-cost, is expected to significantly improve the experience of glucose testing at home for diabetic patients. Here, an enzymatic biosensing platform with high sensitivity and high stability is developed based on a conductive nanomesh composed of interconnected metal-organic frameworks (MOF). The as-prepared enzyme-encapsulated MOF nanomesh exhibits uniform morphology, regular structure, superior catalytic performance, and outstanding electrical conductivity. The glucose sensor modified by enzyme-encapsulated MOF nanomesh demonstrates a considerably high sensitivity of 86.86 µA m m −1 cm −2 with a limit of detection of 16.57 µ m , and remains stable for 16 days of usage. Detection of real saliva samples matches well with the commercial salivary glucose assay kit with an accuracy >93%, and a high correlation with blood glucose with Pearson's r > 0.7. Therefore, the presented enzyme-encapsulated MOF nanomesh biosensor holds great potential in salivary glucose testing and provides a novel strategy for noan-invasive glucose detection.