New insight into the co-adsorption of oxytetracycline and Pb(II) using magnetic metal–organic frameworks composites in aqueous environment: co-adsorption mechanisms and application potentials

The present study aimed to investigate the co-adsorption and application of water stabilized Fe 3 O 4 @ZIF-8 composite with magnetic cubic crystal structure. This new material was successfully prepared by facile modification strategy and rational design, which was used for simultaneous adsorption of oxytetracycline (OTC) and Pb(II) in aqueous solution. The co-adsorption behavior and mechanism of the composite for OTC and Pb(II) were systematically investigated by characterization techniques and batch experiments, and its application potential was effectively evaluated. The results showed that the synthesized Fe 3 O 4 @ZIF-8 composite innovatively retained the cubic crystal structure of ZIF-8 and was successfully loaded on the surface of Fe 3 O 4 particles with small particle size to form a core-shell structure. The Fe 3 O 4 @ZIF-8 composite possessed a large specific surface area (1722 m 2 /g), magnetic separation performance (13.4 emu/g), and rich functional groups. The co-adsorption of OTC and Pb(II) on Fe 3 O 4 @ZIF-8 had fast reaction kinetics (equilibrium within 90 min) and large adsorption capacity (310.29 mg/g and 276.06 mg/g respectively). The adsorption process for both contaminants followed pseudo-second order kinetics and Langmuir isotherm models and had synergistic and competitive effects at the same time. π-π stacking and electrostatic interaction were the main mechanisms of adsorption. Fe 3 O 4 @ZIF-8 had good adsorption performance after cyclic adsorption for 4 times and it performed well in the treatment of real waste water. This study provided a new sight for the control of combined pollution of OTC and Pb(II) and proved Fe 3 O 4 @ZIF-8 composites have great application potentials for complex wastewater treatment.