Synergistic effect to improve energy storage performance in <111> textured BNT-based ceramics under low electric field via orientation engineering as well as co-doping BY and STO

Bi 0.5 Na 0.5 TiO 3 ceramic is a promising dielectric energy storage material due to its high spontaneous polarization (> 40 μC/cm 2 ) . Although many studies have been carried out to enhance the energy storage performance of Bi 0.5 Na 0.5 TiO 3 ceramic, achieving better energy storage performance is still a considerable challenge. Herein, Bi 0.5 Na 0.5 TiO 3 -BiYbO 3 -SrTiO 3 (BNT-BY-STO) relaxor ferroelectric ceramics were constructed, and <111>-oriented (1- x )(0.99BNT-0.01BY)- x STO ceramics were successfully fabricated by a templated grain growth method. The moderate energy storage performance (the reversible energy storage density of 3.26 J/cm 3 and energy storage efficiency of 76.3% under 290 kV/cm) can be achieved in <111>-oriented 0.8(0.99BNT-0.01BY)-0.2STO ceramics. The enhanced energy storage performance of textured BNT-BY-STO ceramics could be mainly attributed to the grain refinement of STO, and the improved breakdown strength and relaxation behavior caused by orientation engineering. These findings demonstrate that the co-doping of BY and STO and orientation engineering are effective strategies for improving the energy storage performance of BNT ceramic.