Iontronic sensor based on multiphase design for weak dynamic pressure decoding and intelligent interactive system

Flexible pressure sensors have a wide range of application scenarios for detecting pressure. However, the entanglement between polymer chains limits their ability to capture extremely weak dynamic pressure. This study presents a multiphase design concept to address the issue. Here, a solid-gas-liquid multiphase sensor (MPS) is proposed, which comprises an air cavity, ordered electrodes based on vertically aligned carbon nanotubes, and porous ionic membranes with surface microstructures and internal ions. The sensor achieves an extremely low limit of detection (LOD) (0.098 Pa) and fast response (5 ms), enabling effective capture and decoding of extremely weak dynamic pressure. By combining a sensor with machine learning, an interactive system is constructed, enabling the decoding of subtle vibrations in the throat muscles when a person is speaking, with or without vocalization. This work provides design concepts for high-performance sensors and ideas for easily integrable, portable interactive systems and identity security technologies.