Dicyandiamide-derived g-C3N4 as an efficient electro-catalyst for detection of bisphenol A in food

In the present work, the surface of glassy carbon electrode (GCE) was modified with graphitic carbon nitride (g-C 3 N 4 ) prepared from the freeze-dried dicyandiamide. The physiochemical properties and electrocatalytic ability of the g-C 3 N 4 nanosheets have been well investigated. Differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) method was employed to determine bisphenol A (BPA) using the modified GCE. To obtain the conditions for maximum DPV response, the effects of experimental parameters, such as the solution pH and nano-sized modifier concentration, were investigated and optimized. The proposed BPA sensing assay indicated a linear range of 0.01 to 75.0 µM under optimal conditions, with a detection limit of 9.0 nM. The anti-interference investigations revealed that the presence of various organic and inorganic species did not hinder the accurate measuring of BPA. In addition, the presented modified electrode exhibited satisfactory results in terms of stability and reproducibility. The obtained results also confirm the efficacy of the g-C 3 N 4 nanocatalyst for determination of BPA in different real samples (drinking water, milk and orange juice) with satisfactory recovery values (95.6–104.0%). The suggested assay provides a powerful sensing platform for the fast and sensitive analysis of BPA in food samples.