Effect of Zr4+ content on crystal structure, micromorphology, ferroelectric and dielectric properties of Ba(ZrxTi1−x)O3 ceramics

Ba(Zr x Ti 1− x )O 3 ceramics ( x  = 0.15, 0.2, 0.25, 0.3) were prepared with solid-state reaction method. The ratio of Zr/Ti influences the crystal structure, micromorphology, ferroelectric and dielectric properties of BZT ceramics, which were characterized, respectively, by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, ferroelectric test system and dielectric test system. The X-ray diffraction patterns show that the zirconium titanate ceramic samples adopt cubic phase structure and no secondary phase. As the Zr 4+ content increases, the lattice constant increases and the grain size decreases. BZT ceramic sample with 15% zirconium content has the highest dielectric constant. As the Zr 4+ content increases, the dielectric constant is gradually decreased, and Curie temperature dropped from 334 to 226 K. The sample has the largest remanent polarization, when the zirconium ion content is 15%. Subsequently, the remanent polarization is reduced as the zirconium ion content increases.