The study of electrochemical cycle for LiCoO2 by dual-mode EPR

Dual-mode electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy was employed to analyze redox mechanisms in lithium cobalt oxide LiCoO 2 (LCO) cathode material during delithiation and lithiation. It was found that the O3-II could not fully convert back to the pristine O3–I phase while oxygen vacancies quickly generate and accumulate during the cycling. Our study paves the way for better understanding the doping effects of different elements on LiCoO 2 in the future.