Bimetallic Nanoparticle-Boosted Metal-Organic Framework Electrochemical Immunosensor of a Novel Biomarker for Heart Failure

Valosin-Containing Protein(VCP) as a novel biomarker for heart failure (HF), accurate and timely detection of VCP is crucial for the diagnosis and treatment of HF. This study successfully constructed an electrochemical Immunosensor for ultra-sensitive detection of VCP in serum based on NH 2 -MIL-101 (Fe) and Pt-Pd NPs. Specifically, Pt-N and Pd-N coordination bonds were anchored on NH 2 -MIL-101 (Fe) to immobilize bimetallic nanoparticles, enhancing the conductivity of NH 2 -MIL-101 (Fe) while providing abundant heteronuclear Pt-Pd binding sites for VCP antibodies. Under the optimal experimental conditions, this sensor exhibited a good linear relationship within the VCP concentration range of 10 -7 to 10 -1 μg/mL, with a detection limit as low as 1.99 × 10 -9 μg/mL. Further validation was conducted using clinical serum samples, and the results showed that the sensor could effectively distinguish healthy individuals, HF patients, and patients after treatment. The trend of VCP level changes measured was consistent with the clinical pathological status of the patients, opening up a new avenue for the early diagnosis and therapeutic monitoring of heart failure.