La-doped ZVI-Mn catalysts for efficient self-Fenton degradation of enrofloxacin in wastewater

The chemical activation method has been widely applied for the in-situ generation of hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), enabling effective facilitate environmental remediation and pollution control. However, developing self-Fenton catalysts with both high catalytic activity and good stability still poses significant challenges. In this study, a ternary ZVI-Mn/La 100 catalyst featuring a core-shell chain architecture was synthesized by a one-step method, and an environmentally friendly self-Fenton system was constructed for the efficient degradation of enrofloxacin (ENR). Compared with the ZVI-Mn catalyst, the removal efficiency of ENR by the ZVI-Mn/La 100 catalyst increases by 20.8%. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and density functional theory (DFT) analyses indicate that La doping significantly promotes the cyclic regeneration of low-valent manganese and induces the formation of oxygen vacancies. Continuous flow experiments show that the catalyst maintains a high ENR removal efficiency of 88.1% over an 8 h operation, demonstrating its excellent stability and promising engineering application prospects. This work presents a novel strategy for designing highly efficient and stable self-Fenton catalysts, offering significant implications for reducing wastewater treatment costs and improving overall treatment efficiency.