Fluorinated bi-layer E-textile enabled by electrospinning rotary collection for self-powered dual-functional electrochemical sweat sensing and motion detection

Existing triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) for wearable sweat sensors are plagued by low power density, which restricts their practical application. This study focuses on boosting TENGs output power via a fluorinated bi-layer electronic textile (e-textile) fabricated by electrospinning rotary collection, enabling self-powered dual functionality: real-time electrochemical sweat sensing and human motion detection. The key design includes a PCLU-HFDD negative triboelectric layer (molecularly incorporated with hexadecafluorodecanediol to enhance electron affinity) and a poly(lactic- co -glycolic acid) (PLGA) positive layer. Rotary collection creates vein-like nanostructures on PCLU-HFDD yarns (6.2 μm roughness, 114.8° water contact angle), increasing contact area. The PCLU-HFDD TENG achieves a high power density of 0.66 W m −2 , an open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 117.08 V, and excellent stability over 35,000 contact-separation cycles. Critically, integrated with both sweat-sensing and motion-detection capabilities, the e-textile enables 180-min continuous glucose monitoring (under sedentary conditions) and recognition of human motions. This work confirms that the power enhancement not only overcomes the bottleneck of TENGs for wearable sensors but also facilitates dual-modal health monitoring, advancing the development of practical wearable bioelectronics.