Bidirectionally Enhanced Reaction Kinetics in Vanadium Redox Flow Battery via Regulating Mixed-Valence States in Perovskite Electrodes

A selectively regulating strategy for chemical environments of Mn ion activity donors in LaMnO 3 perovskite can bidirectionally enhance vanadium reaction kinetics. The key reactive sites and control steps of perovskite on vanadium redox reactions are established based on electrochemical tests and theoretical calculation. Sr and Ce doped LaMnO 3 as anode and cathode catalysts of the vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB) , respectively, synergistically improves the VRFB’s energy storage performance.