Investigation of the Solubility Behavior of Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide in 12 Pure Solvents from 283.15 to 323.15 K: Solid-Liquid Equilibrium Determination and Model Correlation

This work measured the solubility of tetramethylthiuram disulfide in methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, sec-butanol, n-pentanol, acetonitrile, acetone, 2-butanone, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, and water by utilizing a static gravimetric method covering the temperature range from 283.15 to 323.15 K under atmospheric pressure. The results demonstrate that the solubility tends to increase monotonously with increasing temperature in each studied solvent. The highest solubility (52.17 × 10–3) is observed in acetone at 323.15 K, and the lowest value (0.1180 × 10–3) is found in sec-butanol at 283.15 K. The solubility of TMTD is roughly ranked as ethanol > sec-butanol > n-pentanol > n-propanol > methanol > isopropanol in alcoholic solvents and acetone > 2-butanone > acetonitrile > methyl acetate > ethyl acetate > water in nonalcoholic solvents. Moreover, the Apelblat and Yaws models were used to correlate the solubility data. The outcomes of deviations and AIC values suggest that the Yaws model could give better fitting effects compared with the Apelblat model. This investigation not only fills the gap in the essential data of solubility for TMTD but also provides a theoretical basis for optimization and solvent screening in its separation and purification process in the pharmaceutical industry.