Highly sensitive and stable perovskite detector for ultrahigh-energy radiations via dynamic repair regulation

Ultrahigh-energy radiations, including X-rays, electrons and protons exceeding 1 MeV, are prevalent in various field, including radiation therapy, astronomy, high-energy physics and nuclear power plants. However, their detection remains challenging owing to low interaction cross-sections, and even when interactions occur, radiation-induced atomic displacements lead to severe material damage, compromising both the sensitivity and stability of current detectors. Here we report a design principle of lattice-anchoring-enhanced dynamic repair in organic–inorganic hybrid perovskites for simultaneous boosting the sensitivity and stability. Leveraging this approach, the FA 0.9 Cs 0.1 PbBr 3 single-crystal detector achieves high sensitivity of 165.6 μC mGy −1  cm −3 and high radiation stability against high-fluence 6-MeV X-rays (6.4 × 10 11 photons cm −2 ) and 1.2-MeV electrons (6 × 10 16 electrons cm −2 ). The assembled miniature, implantable detector enables precise, real-time dose monitoring, significantly improving the safety and efficacy of cancer treatments. This work advances the development of high-end semiconductors for diverse high-energy applications, from medical therapy to aerospace electronics, wearable electronics, space photovoltaics and nuclear technology.