Sustainable lightweight composite nanofibers: efficient control of electromagnetic pollution

Electromagnetic pollution constitutes an emerging environmental and health threat, and the escalation is driving the search for sustainable and efficient mitigation technologies. This study presents an environmentally friendly and scalable solution through the design of composite nanofibers for effective electromagnetic pollution control. Utilizing the energy-efficient and industrially compatible solution blow spinning (SBS) technique, we successfully constructed a three-dimensional porous network within carbon fibers by integrating SiO 2 nanoparticles and in-situ pyrolyzed Co@BCN nanotubes. The design not only features SiO 2 as a dielectric modulator that optimizes impedance matching, but also induces abundant heterointerfaces with the carbon matrix and Co@BCN nanotubes, significantly enhancing interfacial polarization loss. The optimal material achieves a minimum reflection loss (RL min ) of −70.3 dB at a thickness of 1.8 mm and an effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) of 5.2 GHz at a thickness of 2.3 mm, significantly reducing material usage and promoting lightweight design. The study demonstrates that high performance and environmental sustainability can be synergized, providing a new pathway for developing next-generation green electromagnetic protection materials that align with the goals of sustainable industrial development.