Porcine-derived amelogenin P148 in a layer-by-layer chitosan/hyaluronic acid coating for enhanced implant osseointegration

Porcine-derived amelogenins, essential for enamel development and clinically applied in periodontal bone regeneration, faces purification challenges for its specific isoforms, limiting the understanding of their distinct functions and clinical translation. In this study, we purified P148, the most abundant isoform in porcine amelogenins, constructed a chitosan/hyaluronic acid (CS/HA) layer-by-layer coating on polydopamine-modified titanium implants, and preliminarily investigated its osteogenic effects and underlying mechanisms using in vitro and in vivo models. In vitro, the P148-functionalized surfaces exhibited favorable biocompatibility and significantly promoted cell attachment, proliferation, osteogenic gene expression, and extracellular matrix (ECM) production compared to unmodified titanium. Moreover, this modification activated the MAPK-ERK1/2 pathway, a key signaling axis regulating BMSC differentiation. In vivo rat experiments further verified enhanced peri-implant new bone formation, underscoring the translational promise of the P148/CS/HA coating for improving osseointegration. Taken together, these findings suggest that this bioactive surface holds broad application potential for clinical bone regeneration.