Plasmonic Ag Nanoparticles Embedded in Hollow Metal–Organic Frameworks for Highly Efficient Visible-Light Photoredox Catalysis of Malodorous Gaseous Styrene

Exploring stable and efficient photocatalysts to promote the photo-oxidative degradation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) is essential for air pollution control. In this study, MIL-101(Fe) modified with silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) was synthesized via a simple solvothermal method. Under visible light irradiation for 90 min, the optimal catalyst MF/Ag-5% composite achieved a styrene conversion rate of 91.8%, with a corresponding kinetic rate constant of 0.022 min⁻ 1 . Moreover, the catalyst retained its photocatalytic activity over four consecutive cycles. The results indicate that the incorporated Ag NPs effectively extract photogenerated electrons from MIL-101(Fe), thereby promoting efficient charge carrier separation. Additionally, the localized surface plasmon resonance (SPR) effect of Ag NPs extends the light absorption range of MIL-101(Fe), facilitating the generation of reactive species such as hydroxyl radicals (·OH) and superoxide anion radicals (·O₂⁻). This work offers a novel approach for designing highly efficient and stable photocatalysts for air purification applications. Section Graphical