Cellulose-guided interfacial engineering of Cu-MOF nanozyme on nylon/spandex fabric for synergistic UV shielding, O3 decomposition and ROS scavenging

The integration of multifunctional protective materials capable of simultaneous defense against ultraviolet (UV) radiation, O 3 , and reactive oxygen species (ROS) remains a challenge in interfacial materials science, primarily due to difficulties in constructing stable and catalytically efficient interfaces on flexible substrates. Herein, we report a cellulose-guided interfacial engineering strategy for the in-situ growth of copper-based metal-organic framework (Cu-MOF) nanozymes on nylon/spandex fabric. The key to this strategy lies in the pre-coordination of Cu 2 + with the hydroxyl groups of cellulose, which molecularly guides the ordered crystallization of Cu-MOFs within a regenerated cellulose network at the fiber interface, yielding a nanosheet structure with enhanced density and accessibility of catalytic sites. The resulting cellulose-MOF hybrid is firmly anchored to the fabric through a synergistic dual mechanism: physical entrapment within the regenerated porous cellulose network provides structural integrity, while chemical coordination between Cu 2+ and cellulose hydroxyls directs oriented growth and reinforces interfacial adhesion. This precisely engineered interface enables exceptional cascade antioxidant activity (mimicking superoxide dismutase and catalase), high UV protection (UPF > 100), and rapid ozone decomposition (first-order kinetic constant k  > 0.478 min −1 ). The material also demonstrates robust interfacial adhesion, ensuring mechanical durability, breathability, and wash durability (>30 cycles). Biocompatibility was confirmed by skin irritation tests. This work highlights the critical role of biomass-templated interfacial microstructure in regulating catalytic performance and provides a green, scalable paradigm for designing advanced functional interfaces for environmental and biomedical protection.