Efficient Laser Processing in Manufacturing Fluorinated Electrodes: A Case Study of SiOx Anodes for High-Energy Lithium-Ion Batteries

Designing electrodes with fast reaction kinetics, robust structural stability, and a durable electrode–electrolyte interface remains a critical challenge for advancing high-energy lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Here, we demonstrate a facile laser-processing strategy to fabricate fluorinated electrodes, including SiO x and graphite. As a representative example, fluorine-doped graphene-encapsulated SiO x (SiO x /G–F) electrodes deliver a high reversible capacity of 616.8 mAh g −1 over 800 cycles at 1 A g −1 , along with excellent rate capability of 469.4 mAh g −1 at 5 A g −1 . Furthermore, their outstanding performance is further confirmed in full-cell configurations paired with LiNi 0.8 Co 0.1 Mn 0.1 O 2 cathodes, showing 70.2% capacity retention over 200 cycles. Detailed characterization reveals that the fluorine-doped carbon shell enhances charge transfer, accelerates lithium-ion diffusion, and facilitates the formation of a LiF-enriched solid electrolyte interphase (SEI). The stable SEI alleviates mechanical stress, mitigates electrode pulverization, and ensures interfacial stability during cycling. Overall, this simple, scalable, and practical strategy offers valuable insights for designing high-performance electrodes in next-generation high-energy LIBs. Graphical Here, we propose a scalable and efficient laser-induced thermal shock strategy to produce fluorinated SiO x /G–F and graphite electrodes. The SiO x /G–F anode features a fluorine-doped carbon interface that accelerates reaction kinetics and promotes the formation of a LiF-rich SEI, thereby relieving mechanical stress, mitigating pulverization, and stabilizing the electrode interface during cycling.