摘要
A porous crimped TPU/PAN-MXene sensor was prepared via electrospinning. • High sensitivity, wide strain range and excellent mechanical properties are achieved. • It monitors multiple human activities and recognizes various complex gestures. • Combined with 3D-DIC, the sensor realizes dynamic full-field strain mapping. Flexible wearable strain sensors offer high comfort and sensitivity, making them increasingly important for health monitoring and human–computer interaction. However, conventional sensors only measure average strain via electrical signal changes, lacking the ability to capture key deformation features — such as strain direction, spatial distribution, and temporal evolution — during complex human motion. Here, we developed a porous crimped nanofibrous membranes sensor via electrospinning and ultrasonication, using a composite of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), polyacrylonitrile (PAN), and MXene. The sensor possesses high sensitivity (gauge factor > 4974 at high strain), a wide detection range (0%–550%), exceptional tensile strength (6.8 MPa), durability (elongation at break: 1488%), and excellent stability (1800 cycles). Moreover, the sensor demonstrated excellent performance in monitoring a range of physiological activities, such as flexion of finger, elbow, wrist and knee, as well as vocalization and swallowing. Assisted by machine learning, it enables precise recognition of various complex gestures. More importantly, by integrating the sensor with digital image correlation, we dynamically captured full-field displacement and strain during human motion, revealing the spatial distribution and dynamic propagation characteristics of strain. This study offers insights for optimizing flexible sensor structures by visualizing the full-field strain evolution, and paves the way for advanced applications in wearable electronics and biomechanical monitoring.
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）