Three-dimensional porous BiFeO3 fiber networks enabling ultra-wideband microwave absorption

Ferroelectric materials demonstrate significant potential for microwave absorption (MA) applications due to their spontaneous polarization and field-tunable dielectric response. This study employs electrospinning to fabricate three-dimensional porous BiFeO 3 (BFO) fiber networks. The designed structure promotes dipole polarization and modulates electromagnetic properties, which optimizes impedance matching and thereby enhances MA efficiency. This unique architecture delivers exceptional absorption: a minimum reflection loss ( RL min ) of −49.34 dB at 2.93 mm thickness with an 8.24 GHz effective absorption bandwidth ( EAB ). Moreover, radar cross section (RCS) simulations confirming the material’s effectiveness in electromagnetic wave attenuation for practical stealth applications. This work establishes novel design principles for microstructural engineering of high-performance microwave absorbers.