Li–Mo Co-doped CaWO4 ceramics for LTCC applications: Dual-Band Microwave–Terahertz performance and antenna integration

This study modified CaWO 4 ceramics through co-doping with Li + and Mo 6+ , and prepared Li x Ca 1-x W 1-x Mo x O 4 (x = 0–0.10) using the solid-state reaction method. The results show that at x = 0.02 and sintered at 850 °C, the material exhibits optimal comprehensive performance: ε r  ≈ 9.95, Q ×  f  = 79,683 GHz, and τ f improved from −53 to +5.08 ppm/°C, achieving low-temperature sintering and effective temperature stability control. Mechanism analysis indicates that the enhancement of Mo–O bonds and charge transfer behavior contribute to reducing dielectric loss and improving temperature stability. The material also demonstrates good dielectric performance in the terahertz frequency band. A patch antenna designed based on this material achieves a radiation efficiency of 91.47% at 11.65 GHz, highlighting its potential for application in high-frequency LTCC devices.