Ultrasensitive electrochemical sensor for carbendazim in juices using hierarchical single-walled carbon-based nanotubes/nanohorns hybrid conductive networks integrated with stellate mesoporous silica nanospheres

Herein, a facile ultrasonic-assisted strategy was developed to fabricate the hybrid conductive networks of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SCT)/single-walled carbon nanohorns (SCH) integrated with stellate mesoporous silica nanospheres (SSP), which were utilized to construct an ultrasensitive carbendazim (CBZ) electrochemical sensing platform. SCT with unique one-dimensional quantum wire effect substantially expedited electron transfer kinetics. SCH exhibited an aggregated nanohorn morphology, endowing high purity, large surface area, open structure for small molecule diffusion, and abundant defects for high reactivity. Combined with SCT, SCH established interconnected three-dimensional conductive networks. SSP possessed good monodispersity and complex interconnected pores with substantial volume, facilitating selective the adsorption of CBZ. The SCT/SCH/SSP/GCE enabled the precise electrochemical detection of CBZ with LOD of 9.61 nM across a concentration range of 0.01–25 μM. The fabricated sensing platform demonstrated acceptable CBZ quantitative performance in food sample analysis, achieving the acceptable recoveries of 97.13–102.72% (RSD: 0.99–4.78%).