摘要
AgNP/MXene arrays enabled a compact biomimetic SERS e-nose. • Chemically distinct MXenes generated cross-reactive VOC responses. • MXene adsorption and AgNP enhancement produced VOC fingerprints. • Four similar VOCs were classified with 100% accuracy by PCA/HCA. • Three sensing channels achieved efficient VOC discrimination. The discrimination of structurally similar volatile organic compounds (VOCs) remains a significant challenge due to the limited selectivity of existing sensing materials. To address this, we present a methodologically novel, novel bio-inspired electronic nose platform based on a surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) sensor array of silver nanoparticles/MXene (AgNP/MXene) composites for intelligent VOC identification. The proposed approach combines a rationally designed, chemically orthogonal MXene library (Ti 3 C 2 , V 2 C, and a high-entropy MXene, TiVCrMoC 3 ) with an optimized multivariate analysis workflow, thereby establishing a generalizable methodology for constructing cross-reactive SERS sensing systems. The MXene components serve as superior adsorbents to preconcentrate VOC molecules, while the in-situ grown AgNPs provide strong plasmonic enhancement, translating adsorption events into distinct molecular “fingerprint” spectra. The cross-reactive responses of the array to four similar VOCs (dipentene, ethyl lactate, isopropyl acetate, and propylene glycol monomethyl ether). The generated multidimensional SERS data is effectively decoded using pattern recognition algorithms, namely hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and principal component analysis (PCA), which provided a reliable proof-of-concept for the identification of VOC gases. This work thus introduces a new materials–data co-design strategy for biomimetic SERS e-nose development, enabling reliable discrimination of structurally similar VOCs in complex environments. Download: Download high-res image (154KB) Download: Download full-size image
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