摘要
The clinical translation of small-diameter artificial blood vessels (inner diameter 6 mm) remains severely impeded by acute thrombosis and deficient endothelialization. To address these bottlenecks, this study leverages the superior bioactivity of carboxylated Euglena gracilis polysaccharide (CEGP) to modify conventional polyvinyl alcohol/sodium alginate (PVA/SA) vascular scaffolds, aiming to simultaneously enhance their mechanical integrity, hemocompatibility, and endothelialization-promoting capability. Here, a hierarchical network-structured CEGP/PVA/SA composite artificial blood vessel was fabricated via coaxial extrusion 3D printing coupled with a dual-crosslinking strategy (ionic crosslinking and repetitive freeze-thaw cycles). The incorporation of CEGP significantly optimized the hydrogel's printability and structural robustness. Specifically, the elastic modulus of the 1CEGP/PVA/SA group reached 2.03 ± 0.11 MPa, markedly surpassing the pristine PVA/SA control (1.22 ± 0.07 MPa), while achieving a robust clinical-grade burst pressure of 264.5 ± 7.17 mmHg (P < 0.05). Due to the synergistic effects of a highly hydrophilic surface and a negative charge barrier, the composite graft effectively restricted platelet adhesion, with the adherence density plunging from nearly 260,000 to approximately 110,000 platelets/mm². Furthermore, in vitro CCK-8 and scratch assays confirmed that the CEGP matrix profoundly accelerated the proliferation and migration of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), maintaining cell viability above 80% at day 5 and achieving complete scratch closure within 2 days. Collectively, the engineered CEGP/PVA/SA composite vessel establishes an exceptional paradigm for small-diameter vascular reconstruction by balancing biomimetic mechanical stability with active endothelialization induction. Download: Download high-res image (159KB) Download: Download full-size image
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）