Arrayed Coaxial ITO/ZnO Heterojunction Nanofiber Synaptic Transistors for Neuromorphic and Multimodal Logic Operations

The advancement of brain-inspired computing hinges on the development of efficient neuromorphic synaptic devices. One-dimensional metal-oxide nanofiber transistors have garnered significant attention in artificial synaptic devices due to their unique structural and optoelectronic properties. This work presents synaptic transistors based on arrayed coaxial heterojunction nanofibers (ITO/ZnO) fabricated via electrospinning. The unique radial core-shell structure facilitates superior synaptic performances, including ultraviolet (UV)-light-modulated synaptic plasticity with a high paired-pulse facilitation (PPF) index up to 286%. A constructed neural network for handwritten digit recognition achieves an accuracy of 97.6%, demonstrating its potential for neuromorphic computing. Furthermore, we explore multimodal sensory integration by developing a device that responds to both optical and acoustic stimuli, enabling dynamic logic operations. This work highlights the significant potential of nanostructure-engineered synaptic devices for next-generation artificial intelligence and interactive systems.