Synergistic effect of a naturally derived Lactobacillus gasseri and Rumex hanus by. extract on alleviating hyperuricemia in mice via uricolysis, gut microbiota modulation, and anti-inflammation

Hyperuricemia (HUA) is widespread, and since conventional long-term treatments can be toxic, safer multi-target alternatives are required. Here, we tested a naturally derived synbiotic pairing of the uricolytic probiotic Lactobacillus gasseri SYP-B4432 with a polyphenol-rich Rumex hanus by. extract in a mouse model of hyperuricemia. In just five weeks of daily treatment, the combination reduced serum uric acid by 57.86%, suppressed serum xanthine oxidase activity by 14.31%, and restored the Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes ratio while lowering pro-inflammatory cytokines and attenuating renal histopathology. Importantly, no hepatic/renal impairment or body weight abnormalities were detected, confirming the safety of this intervention. Collectively, the probiotic–herbal duo alleviates HUA through the synergy of three modes of action: curtailing uric acid synthesis (via XOD inhibition), reshaping gut microbiota (to enhance UA excretion), and resolving renal inflammation (via cytokine modulation). This natural, safe, and multi-target synbiotic provides a clinically translatable strategy that may address the side effect limitations of conventional hyperuricemia drugs.