Enhancing the electrochemical performance of VPO5 anode through direct incorporation of CNTs via ball-milling

VPO 5 is another anode material with a relatively high lithium intercalation/deintercalation potential plateau, which is less prone to lithium dendrite formation during cycling and boasts superior safety performance. However, its low Coulombic efficiency and poor electrical conductivity restrict the enhancement of its overall electrochemical performance. In this research, carbon nanotubes are introduced to modify the VPO 5 anode via a simple and scalable ball-milling method. Results show that the composite material presents an enhanced conductivity and specific surface area, thus improves the electrochemical performance. The optimized material retains a capacity retention rate of 93.3% after 350 cycles and delivers a specific capacity of 241.2 mAh g − 1 at a rate of 10 C, which represents a significant improvement compared with the unmodified pristine VPO 5 . This study proposes a feasible strategy for modifying metal phosphate anode materials, and further provides guidance for the development of next-generation batteries with high specific energy and safety.