Visible light-driven antibacterial materials based on organic metalloporphyrin-modified g-C3N4: synthesis, performance and mechanism

In this study, CuTCPP was loaded onto the surface of g-C 3 N 4 through a simple organic reaction to prepare a series of g-C 3 N 4 -CuTCPP (CNTP) photocatalytic composite materials. The material was characterized using XRD, SEM, EDS, and other methods to analyze its physicochemical properties. The biological safety of materials was evaluated through in vitro cytotoxicity experiments. Using E. coli , S. aureus , P. aeruginosa , B. subtilis , and C. albicans as model microorganisms, the broad-spectrum antibacterial performance of composite materials was tested under visible light to investigate the effects of concentration gradient and light exposure time on sterilization efficiency. The antibacterial mechanism was further revealed through reactive oxygen species fluorescence detection, free radical scavenging experiments, and evaluation of cell membrane damage. In addition, livestock and poultry wastewater was used as actual water samples to verify the practical application potential of the materials. Graphical abstract