摘要
Tough ionogels are developed via doubly ionic H-bond networks between polyacrylic (PAA) and protic ionic liquid [DBUH][Triz]. • The ionogel achieves superior fracture strength (24.3 MPa) and toughness (94 MJ·m −3 ). • Excellent dry resistance, temperature tolerance, and solvent-dependent swelling behavior. • High sensitivity and durability enable the ionogel to precisely detect diverse human motions. • Molecular insights are provided for designing mechanically tough and environmentally stable ionogels. The inherent trade-off between structural flexibility and mechanical robustness, along with difficulties with long-term environmental compatibility, severely limits the practical use of ionogels in flexible electronics. To address these limitations, we present the design of doubly ionic hydrogen bond networks and the fabrication of highly tough ionogels. These strong physical interactions are engineered by integrating poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) with a protic ionic liquid (PIL) synthesized from 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene and 1,2,4-triazole. Governed by hydrogen bonds and ionic interactions, the optimized ionogel achieves remarkable mechanical performance, exhibiting a maximum tensile strength of 24.30 MPa, a fracture strain of 480%, and an exceptional toughness of 93.95 MJ·m −3 . Moreover, the ionogel demonstrates excellent anti-drying and solvent-dependent swelling behavior, as well as thermal tolerance and strong adhesion. As a flexible strain sensor, the ionogel exhibits high sensitivity and excellent electrical signal stability, enabling the reliable capture of human motion signals. The work establishes a promising strategy for fabricating mechanically robust ionogels via creating doubly ionic hydrogen bond networks. It also provides new insights for advanced flexible sensors adaptable to dry and harsh working conditions. Download: Download high-res image (176KB) Download: Download full-size image
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）