Structural, dielectric, ferroelectric and energy storage properties of 0.58BFO–0.3BTO–0.12NNO + x wt% CBSKN ceramics

Lead-free BiFeO 3 –BaTiO 3 (BFO–BTO) ceramics possess large spontaneous polarization and high Curie temperature, while their practical energy storage applications are limited by low breakdown strength and recoverable energy density ( W reco ). In the present study, Ca/B/Si/K 0.01 /Na 0.02 (CBSKN) glass was introduced into 0.58BiFeO 3 –0.3BaTiO 3 –0.12NaNbO 3 ceramics via conventional solid-state reaction to improve their breakdown strength and recoverable energy storage density. The incorporation of CBSKN glass powder leads to a reduction in the Δ P ( P max – P r ) value of the samples, whereas an appropriate doping content can effectively enhance the electrical breakdown strength of the ceramics. Calculations of energy storage properties show that the CBSKN05 ceramic achieves a maximum energy storage density of 2.13 J/cm 3 under an electric field of 190 kV/cm. Moreover, the introduction of CBSKN glass effectively enhances the cycling fatigue, thermal and frequency stability, endowing the 0.58BiFeO 3 –0.3BaTiO 3 –0.12NaNbO 3 ceramic with great potential for high-performance energy storage capacitor applications.