SiCw/CoAl2O4 composite fibrous membranes with integrated microwave absorption and vegetation-matching multispectral compatibility

SiC w /CoAl 2 O 4 fibrous membranes integrate Vis–NIR compatibility and microwave absorption. • CoAl 2 O 4 spinel enables vegetation-like green reflection, red-edge behavior, and thermal-response similarity to natural leaves. • SiCw and SiC w /CoAl 2 O 4 interfaces improve dielectric loss and impedance matching. • S15T800 achieves an RLmin of −56.60 dB, an EAB of 7.12 GHz, and an RCS reduction of 18.69 dB m 2 . The increasing use of multispectral detection requires protective materials that combine vegetation-matching optical response with microwave attenuation. Herein, SiC w /CoAl 2 O 4 (SC) composite fibrous membranes were prepared by electrospinning and calcination. CoAl 2 O 4 provided a stable green color and Vis–NIR reflectance behavior close to natural leaves, while SiC w introduced dielectric loss and conductive pathways for microwave dissipation. The SiC w /CoAl 2 O 4 heterointerfaces further promoted interfacial polarization, and the interwoven fibrous network assisted wave scattering and propagation. By optimizing the SiC w loading and calcination temperature, S15T800 achieved the best overall performance, with a minimum reflection loss of −56.60 dB and an effective absorption bandwidth of 7.12 GHz at 1.9 mm. RCS simulations also showed an RCS reduction of 18.69 dB m 2 . This work offers a feasible route for designing lightweight multispectral-compatible microwave absorbing membranes.