A solid-phase microextraction method base on a novel porphyrin-based porous organic polymer for trace detection of bisphenol AF and monitoring of its degradation process

Background While many endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs) may form more toxic intermediates during degradation, current research predominantly focuses on parent compound residues and degradation efficiency, with limited attention to monitoring degradation process. This insufficient understanding of the degradation pathway hampers accurate ecological risk evaluation.In this work, a novel solid-phase microextraction (SPME) fiber coated with a porphyrin-based porous organic polymer (POR-Tp) was fabricated for simultaneous trace detection of bisphenol AF (BPAF) and monitoring of its degradation process. Results The POR-Tp has large specific surface area (330.201 m 2 /g) and pore size (3.929 nm). The POR-Tp/SSW fiber exhibited excellent durability (over 200 cycles), superior extraction capability and broad applicability to other bisphenols (BPA, BPB, BPF, TBBPA) and triclosan. The established method demonstrated a wide linear range (1-1000 μg/L) and low detection limit (0.03 μg/L). The method was successfully applied to determine trace levels of BPAF in environmental water and beverage samples. Furthermore, the light-activated persulfate degradation process of BPAF was monitored, with intermediate products tracked and a potential degradation pathway proposed, and toxicity analysis of BPAF and its intermediate products was performed. Significance This study successfully developed a novel porphyrin-based porous organic polymer (POR-Tp) as a SPME fiber coating for trace detection of BPAF in complex matrices and monitoring of its degradation process and intermediates transformation. The analytical strategy developed in this work provides an effective tool for precisely tracking the migration and transformation of EDCs, thereby improving ecological risk assessment throughout the degradation pathway.