A cerium/manganese-doped bioactive glass ceramic integrated PPDO/COL-I electrospun membrane with antioxidant activity and cytocompatibility

Tendon injuries are common in table tennis and remain difficult to repair because of oxidative stress and limited regenerative capacity. This study developed an electrospun PPDO-COL-I/ x %CeMnBG fiber membrane with potential applications in tendon repair. The membranes exhibited uniform, bead-free morphology, good flexibility, a tensile strength of 5.89 MPa, and an elongation at break of 80%. All groups maintained cell viability above 80% over 5 days, while PPDO-COL-I/1.5%CeMnBG showed the best cell performance, with 110% proliferation on day 5. This group also displayed excellent ROS-scavenging activity, achieving 60% DPPH, 40% SOD, and 60% ABTS clearance, together with reduced intracellular ROS and enhanced L929 migration. These results indicate that PPDO-COL-I/1.5%CeMnBG is a potential candidate for tendon regeneration by integrating structural support, bioactive ion release, and antioxidant protection.