Asymmetric spectral modulation of bioinspired Janus metafabric toward environment-adaptive thermal and moisture management under extreme conditions

Inspired by biological strategies, we developed an environment-adaptive Janus metafabric via multiscale interfacial electrospinning and soft-template-assisted phase separation strategy. • The Cyphochilus scale cooling layer achieves outstanding solar reflectance (94.8%) and mid infrared emissivity (98.1%), the Photon-trapping thermal layer achieves high solar absorptivity (81.8%). • Gradient porous architecture promotes directional sweat transport for enhanced wearing comfort. To mitigate heat stress during outdoor activities, passive radiative cooling (PRC) has been recognized as promising candidate for personal thermal management (PTM). However, conventional single-layer cooling fabrics cannot meet dynamic environments and wearing comfort. Herein, inspired by the highly scattering porous scales of Cyphochilus beetles, we developed an environment-adaptive Janus metafabric (EAJM) composed of a Cyphochilus scale-inspired cooling (CSC) layer and a Photon-trapping thermal (PTT) layer via multiscale interfacial electrospinning and soft-template-assisted phase separation (ST-PS) strategy. The EAJM combines hydrophilic PAN/SiO 2 fibers and hydrophobic PLA/PPy fibers into a functional Janus architecture. The CSC layer achieves outstanding solar reflectance (94.8%) and mid-infrared emissivity (98.1%), whereas the PTT layer serves as an efficient photon-trapping absorber (81.8%). This asymmetric spectral modulation enables dual-mode thermal management beyond the capabilities of conventional single-layer cooling fabrics. In outdoor tests, EAJM achieved outstanding radiative cooling (∆T max  = 7.2 °C) and photothermal performance (∆T max  = 2.8 °C) compared with bare skin. Meanwhile, the net cooling and heating power reached 113.7 W m −2 and 363.1 W m −2 , respectively. Furthermore, the wettability and pore-size gradient of EAJM facilitate anisotropic capillary-driven moisture transport, enabling rapid sweat wicking and evaporation. This work offers a promising strategy for PTMM and next-generation smart wearable textiles. Download: Download high-res image (363KB) Download: Download full-size image