Preparation and Performance Investigation of a Novel Microcapsule Fire Extinguishing Agent for Confined Space Fire Suppression

A novel microcapsule fire extinguishing agent was prepared through interfacial polymerization method, using HFE-7300 as the core material and SPUA as the wall material. The microcapsule fire extinguishing agent obtained under the optimal conditions (HFE-7300@SPUA) exhibited relatively well-defined morphology, successful core-shell encapsulation, high encapsulation efficiency and excellent thermal stability. The SPUA-based wall material of microcapsule ruptures precisely upon abnormal ambient temperature and the encapsulated HFE-7300 spills out rapidly to extinguish fires, thus achieving efficient fire suppression for the fires in confined spaces at the incipient fire stage. The addition of HFE-7300@SPUA effectively reduced the maximum temperature, the average heating rate and the self-extinguishing time for the free combustion of n -heptane. The fire suppression mechanism of HFE-7300@SPUA characterized by active defense properties is particularly suitable for combating sudden chain-reaction fires in precise and confined spaces. HFE-7300@SPUA holds great practical application potential in fire safety protection of lithium-ion batteries and electrical equipments.