摘要
An ionic liquid-functionalized liquid metal based polyurethane/hydrogel composite coating was successfully prepared. • The hydrogels displayed excellent antifouling activity, with antibacterial rates of 95% and anti-algal inhibition of 98%. • The hydrogels demonstrated excellent mechanical properties and self-healing capability, reaching 96.9% healing efficiency. Marine biofouling incurs substantial economic losses. Among various strategies, hydrogels are regarded as effective antifouling materials due to their high hydrophilicity and low adhesion. However, their swelling nature often affects the mechanical performance, limiting their practical antifouling applications. In this study, a hydrogel composite was developed by incorporating ionic liquid-functionalized liquid metal nanofillers into a waterborne polyurethane-based hydrogel matrix to achieve enhanced antifouling and mechanical performance. The imidazolium ionic liquid containing a silane coupling agent was successfully grafted onto the liquid metal surface via a self-assembly process, and the resulting functionalized liquid metal was subsequently incorporated into a waterborne polyurethane/acrylic acid (PUGel) hydrogel matrix. The prepared TIm-GLM@PUGel exhibited outstanding comprehensive performance, achieving antibacterial rates of 87% against E. coli and 95% against S. aureus , as well as anti-algal rates of 98% against Dunaliella and 88% against Porphyridium . Moreover, the composite hydrogels demonstrated significantly improved mechanical behavior, with a tensile strength of 1.09 MPa and an elongation at break of 1059.8%. Notably, the TIm-GLM@PUGel showed remarkable self-healing performance, with a healing efficiency of 96.9%. This strategy offers a viable route toward high-performance and environmentally benign antifouling coatings. Download: Download high-res image (113KB) Download: Download full-size image
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）