Self-supporting graded Zn-doped V2O5/NH4V4O10 heterojunctions enable ultrafast and ultra-stable aqueous zinc-ion energy storage

Zn-doped V 2 O 5 /NH 4 V 4 O 10 heterojunction in-situ constructed on carbon cloth. • Electronic mismatch drives interfacial charge rearrangement and coupling. • Heterointerface boosts Zn 2+ kinetics and suppresses V dissolution to prevent degradation. • Heterostructure cathode delivers high capacity and ultra-stable cycle life. Layered vanadium-based heterojunctions and cation pre-intercalation serve as effective strategies to address sluggish ion diffusion and inferior structural stability of aqueous zinc-ion batteries. Herein, hierarchical Zn-doped V 2 O 5 /NH 4 V 4 O 10 heterojunction is in-situ grown on carbon cloth via two-step hydrothermal treatment. The fabricated heterojunction accelerates Zn 2+ migration and eliminates discharge kinetic limitations of pristine cathode materials. It also restrains Jahn-Teller distortion to mitigate lattice degradation and improve structural reversibility. Benefiting from structural and interfacial advantages, the obtained cathode delivers a high specific capacity of 523.8 mA h g −1 , outstanding rate performance and 72.4% capacity retention over 3000 cycles at 3 A g −1 . It maintains 171.4 mA h g −1 at 5 A g −1 and exhibits 96.37% capacity recovery after current adjustment. This work offers a promising interfacial engineering route for advanced aqueous zinc-ion battery cathodes and expands the application prospect of vanadium-based layered heterostructures.