摘要
HNTs are modified with DA, C and KH-560 as a flame-retardant filler. • The SDHs are first incorporated into MPCMs to build extra heat transfer channels. • SDH-MPCM/EP coatings significantly reduce indoor temperature fluctuation. • The composite coating reduces HRR and THR, showing excellent flame retardancy. Phase change material microcapsules (MPCMs) effectively address the leakage issue inherent in conventional phase change materials, while enabling efficient thermal energy storage and controlled heat release, thus providing an ideal material foundation for energy-saving building coatings. However, the defects of MPCMs—namely low thermal conductivity and flammability—seriously restrict their widespread application in practical engineering. To overcome these challenges, this study fabricated a novel modified phase change microcapsule (SDH-MPCMs) via in situ polymerization, using capric acid (CA) as the core and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) as the shell. Flame-retardant filler Si/DC-HNTs (SDHs) is incorporated into the system to endow the material with triple functionality: thermal energy storage, flame retardancy, and temperature regulation. The microcapsules are subsequently dispersed into epoxy resin (EP) to fabricate SDH-MPCM/EP composite coatings. Characterization techniques including TEM, XPS, and FTIR confirmed the successful synthesis of SDHs and SDH-MPCMs. When SDH-MPCMs dispersed in the EP, the composite coatings exhibit a 23.57% reduction in peak heat release rate (HRR), a 20.89% decrease in total heat release (THR). Small-scale room model test reveals that the coating reduces indoor temperature fluctuation effectively, enhancing thermal regulation capability. This research advances the development of multifunctional building coating materials by demonstrating a viable approach to simultaneously achieve efficient heat storage, enhanced flame safety, and improved temperature regulation.
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