摘要
A sustainable mineral-biomass membrane was fabricated by vacuum-assisted self-assembly. • CNF intercalation regulated the transport channels of kaolin membranes. • The membrane achieved oil-water emulsion separation with >99% separation efficiency. • Interfacial coupling simultaneously improved wettability, mechanical robustness, and antifouling performance. The development of sustainable separation membranes based on natural minerals and renewable biomass has emerged as an attractive strategy for environmentally friendly wastewater treatment. Here, a sustainable kaolin/cellulose nanofiber (K/C) composite membranes were fabricated via a vacuum filtration self-assembly successfully, employing exfoliated kaolin as the structural framework and cellulose nanofiber (CNF) as a hydrophilic reinforcing agent. The optimized composite membrane (K/C-3) exhibited superior underwater superoleophobicity with an underwater oil contact angle of 172.7°. Specifically, K/C-3 delivered remarkable separation performance toward diverse surfactant-stabilized oil-in-water emulsions, achieving a high permeance of 1353-3491 L m −2 h −1 bar −1 and a separation efficiency exceeding 99%. Furthermore, the membrane maintained stable separation efficiency above 98.6% and favorable permeance under harsh service conditions, encompassing a broad pH range of 1-13, high salinity of 1-5 wt%. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations were performed to elucidate the intrinsic interfacial mechanism governing the evolution of surface wettability in composite membranes. Moreover, K/C-3 achieves a flux recovery rate of 99.7% after single short-duration filtration followed by water rinsing, exhibiting favorable antifouling performance. This work highlights the potential of integrating naturally abundant minerals with renewable biomass for the development of sustainable separation membranes for oily wastewater treatment. Download: Download high-res image (289KB) Download: Download full-size image
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）