A self-renewing textile fluidic rectifier for continuous, high-fidelity wearable biochemical sensing in sweat

The transition toward continuous, personalized health management necessitates wearable platforms capable of high-fidelity biochemical monitoring. Although textile-based sensors provide ideal mechanical compliance and breathability, their analytical performance is fundamentally limited by sample stagnation and evaporative concentration drift, which cause temporal mixing and significant signal inaccuracy. Here, we report a self-renewing textile fluidic rectifier with directional sweat transport (DST) designed to achieve autonomous fluidic management and high-fidelity sensing. By engineering functionally decoupled zones including collection, transport, and evaporation zones within a hierarchical hydrophilic/hydrophobic fiber matrix, we establish an evaporation-induced water potential gradient that functions as an autonomous microfluidic pump. This architecture effectively rectifies the fluidic flux, ensuring unidirectional flow that continuously avoids sample mixing and clears the sensing interface. Consequently, compared with conventional textiles, the system dramatically improves the sensing accuracy from 39% to 96% and maintains stable electrochemical operation. We further integrated fiber-based electrochemical sensors into a monolithic, knitted wristband for real-time, wireless monitoring of Na + , K + , and glucose during exercise, which demonstrated high physiological correlation and mechanical robustness through 5000 bending cycles. Combining industrial scalability with sophisticated microfluidics, this self-renewing rectifier offers a robust hardware foundation for the next generation of digital health and personalized diagnostic platforms.