INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MULTIPHASE FLOW
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2021
·
IF 3.186
Xin Huang,Limin He,Xiaoming Luo,Ke Xu,Yuling Lü,Donghai Yang
s The coalescence behaviors of two neutral droplets suspended in silicone oil under the alternating current (AC) and pulsed direct current (DC) electric fields are investigated by experiments and numerical simulations. The distribution evolutions of electric force and velocity field during the droplet coalescence under the AC and pulsed DC electric fields are analyzed. The relationship between electric field excitation and droplet interface response is illustrated. The equivalent response mechanism of droplets under the high-frequency AC and pulsed DC electric fields and under the DC electric fields is revealed. The relationship of droplet dynamic behaviors under the DC electric field and under the AC and pulsed DC electric fields are established. The critical electric field frequencies above which the shortest distance curves no longer change under the AC and pulsed DC electric fields are obtained. These new findings are significant for the optimization of electrostatic coalescence.
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TALANTA
·
2021
·
IF 6.057
Xu Cui,Tianbao Hu,Qiang Chen,Qiang Zhao,Yin Wu,Tengbao Xie,Pengyong Liu,Xi Su,Gang Li
Digital bioassays are powerful methods to detect rare analytes from complex mixtures and study the temporal processes of individual entities within biological systems. In digital bioassays, a crucial first step is the discretization of samples into a large number of identical independent partitions. Here, we developed a rapid and facile sample partitioning method for versatile digital bioassays. This method is based on a detachable self-digitization (DSD) chip which couples a reversible assembly configuration and a predegassing-based self-pumping mechanism to achieve an easy, fast, and large-scale sample partitioning. The DSD chip consists of a channel layer used for loading the sample and a microwell layer used for holding the sample partitions. Benefitting from its detachability, the chip avoids a lengthy oil flushing process used to remove the excess sample in loading channels and can compartmentalize a sample into more than 100,000 wells of picoliter volume with densities up to 14,000 wells/cm 2 in less than 30 s. We also demonstrated the utility of the proposed method by applying it to digital PCR and digital microbial assays.
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JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE
·
2021
·
IF 8.128
Huanjie Chi,Zhiguang Xu,Tao Zhang,Xiaomin Li,Zhu Wu,Yan Zhao
Stimuli-responsive surfaces with wettability change between superhydrophilic and superhydrophobic are susceptible to oil contamination which often ruins the surface. Herein, a coating with pH-switchable wettability transition between superamphiphobic and superhydrophilic-superoleophobic is achieved by rationally designing oleophobic/pH-responsive polymer heterogeneous chemistry. Fabrics modified with this coating show repellency to both water and oils, while upon exposure to acidic water (pH = 1) the fabrics change to be superhydrophilic-superoleophobic within a short response time of <5 s. More importantly, the superamphiphobicity of the fabric can be restored under mild alkaline condition (pH = 10), and the transition is reversible for many cycles. The effective in situ or ex situ wettability change under acidic/alkaline water treatment makes the coated fabric capable of separating oil–water mixture or even some mixtures of immiscible organic solvents. In addition, the coated fabric is also demonstrated to be promising as a new class of functional fabrics that provide protection against water and many oils in one condition, and can change to be hygroscopic, anti-static, oil-repellent and anti-oil-fouling in the other condition for improved wear comfort and self-cleaning.
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高影响因子
Materials
·
2021
·Vol. 14
·期 5
·1263
·
IF 3.623
Rui Xu,Shijiao Zhao,Lei Nie,Changsheng Deng,Shaochang Hao,Xingyu Zhao,Jianjun Li,Bing Liu,Jingtao Ma
In this study, we report a novel high-throughput and instant-mixing droplet microfluidic system that can prepare uniformly mixed monodisperse droplets at a flow rate of mL/min designed for rapid mixing between multiple solutions and the preparation of micro-/nanoparticles. The system is composed of a magneton micromixer and a T-junction microfluidic device. The magneton micromixer rapidly mixes multiple solutions uniformly through the rotation of the magneton, and the mixed solution is sheared into monodisperse droplets by the silicone oil in the T-junction microfluidic device. The optimal conditions of the preparation of monodisperse droplets for the system have been found and factors affecting droplet size are analyzed for correlation; for example, the structure of the T-junction microfluidic device, the rotation speed of the magneton, etc. At the same time, through the uniformity of the color of the mixed solution, the mixing performance of the system is quantitatively evaluated. Compared with mainstream micromixers on the market, the system has the best mixing performance. Finally, we used the system to simulate the internal gelation broth preparation of zirconium broth and uranium broth. The results show that the system is expected to realize the preparation of ceramic microspheres at room temperature without cooling by the internal gelation process.Keywords:microfluidic;high-throughput;micromixing;monodisperse droplets;internal gelation process
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
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2021
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IF 13.273
Hui Zhou,Xueshan Jing,Shanpeng Li,Zhiguang Guo
It should be noted that the multifunctional surface is ideal for manipulation droplets to play different roles in various fields, especially for water collection. Here, a unique design scheme, a multibioinspired slippery surface for water collection, is proposed derived from the Namib desert beetle, cactus, aquatic vegetations and Nepenthes, which synergistically combines fog capture, condensation and transportation, indicating better performance than other synthetic surfaces. Without relying on additional energy input or droplet coalescence, this multi-bioinspired slippery surface shows ideal droplet pumping and water collection efficiency. Moreover, the morphology of the triple contact lines is simulated by Surface Evolver, and the state of droplet’s migration is discussed from the perspective of force analysis and energy calculation. The experimental results show that the as-prepared substrate had excellent stability and weather resistance under different circumstance. Compared with the single original Zn sheet, the water collection efficiency of this unique water collection device is increased by about 257.9%. Therefore, this reasonable design strategy and the corresponding theoretical simulation can be applied to a wide range of water harvesting and other fields.
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COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
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2021
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IF 4.539
Jianhui Yuan,Qingshan Gu,Guangzhi Zheng,Jin Yang,Wenjie Zhao,Yangmin Wu
With the increasingly strict requirements for marine environmental protection, the demand for antifouling coatings that can replace organotin is becoming more urgent. Here, environmentally friendly lubricants were infused into porous surfaces to obtain antifouling coating. The stability of the coating was evaluated by the contact angle and sliding angle tests. The antifouling performance was intuitively represented by the adhesion quantity of three marine algae. The adhesion experiment showed that a lubricating oil of suitable viscosity balanced stability and lubricity, so that the silicone oil (PMX200-100)-infused surface showed the best antifouling effect. However, it was covered by Navicula exigua (N. exigua) after a long time of immersion. In our work, the grease-infused surface displayed outstanding stability in water. In addition, the grease-infused porous surface showed another state of algae attachment after a period of immersion in algae solution. Algae adhered to the surface and congregated to form a layer of biofilm , but it could be easily removed and re-expose the new grease-infused surface. The requirement of lubricating grease for porous surface structures is not as high as that of lubricating oil. The grease-infused surface has a long-term circulation antifouling effect on algae.
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Light-Science & Applications
·
2021
·Vol. 10
·期 1
·1-9
·
IF 17.782
Chen Baiyi,Zhang Rongrong,Hou Yaqi,Zhang Jian,Chen Shiyan,Han Yuhang,Chen Xinyu,Hou Xu
Safe and precise control of gas flow is one of the key factors to many physical and chemical processes, such as degassing, natural gas transportation, and gas sensor. In practical application, it is essential for the gas-involved physicochemical process to keep everything under control and safe, which significantly relies on the controllability, safety, and stability of their valves. Here we show a light-responsive and corrosion-resistant gas valve with non-thermal effective liquid-gating positional flow control under a constant pressure by incorporating dynamic gating liquid with light responsiveness of solid porous substrate. Our experimental and theoretical analysis reveal that the photoisomerization of azobenzene-based molecular photoswitches on the porous substrate enabled the gas valve to possess a light-responsive and reversible variation of substantial critical pressure of non-thermal effective gas flow switch. Moreover, the chemically inert gating liquid prevented the solid substrate from corrosion and, by combining with the high spatiotemporal resolution of light, the gas valve realizes a precisely positional open and close under a steady-state pressure. The application demonstrations in our results show the potentials of the new gas valve for bringing opportunities to many applications, such as gas-involved reaction control in microfluidics, soft actuators, and beyond.
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
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2021
·Vol. 104
·期 8
·3855-3861
·
IF 3.784
Jun Chen,Wan-Qing Xue,Chang-Ming Xu,Pai-Feng Luo,Ji-Gui Cheng,Ying-Wei Lu
Monodisperse ZrO 2 ceramic beads with size larger than 1 mm have been prepared by an improved micro-droplet spray forming process, through which a compressor and a dispenser were employed to produce droplets continuously. Furthermore, the slurry recipe and drying temperature have been optimized to enhance the sphericity and smoothness of the beads. The sintered ZrO 2 ceramic beads present promising mechanical performance, including a relative density of 84.6%, a crush strength of 256.2 ± 36.6 N as well as a Vickers hardness of 1344.4 ± 58.3 HV. Such procedure reveals great potential in mass production of ceramic beads.
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COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
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2021
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IF 4.539
Lü Yuling,Wang Yingying,Wang Shipeng,He Limin,Ye Tianxu
Due to the oil field development enters the period of high water cut, the flow drag of oil-water two-phase flow in nonmetallic pipes requires further research. Moreover the dynamic spreading behavior of oil droplet on a pipe’s wall is of great significance to investigate the flow drag. However, the spreading behaviors of oil droplets on surfaces with different wettabilities in water system are still not clear. In this study, firstly, considering the effect of surface wettability and oil droplet diameter, the spreading behaviors of oil droplets on non-metallic and metallic substrates were observed using a high-speed imaging system. Then, according to the spreading behaviors of oil droplets on the substrates and based upon the energy balance theory, a theoretical model of the spreading behavior of oil droplets was developed for predicting the dimensionless maximum spreading diameter. The quantitative relationships among the dimensionless maximum spreading diameter, the diameter of oil droplets, the properties of oil and water, and the wettabilities of surfaces were obtained. Finally, the theoretical model was verified using experimental data with deviations generally ranging within ± 10%.
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高影响因子
CARBON
·
2021
·
IF 9.594
Pengfei Liu,Xiaofeng Li,Xiyuan Chang,Peng Min,Chao Shu,Yongji Li,Yu Kang,Zhong-Zhen Yu
Anisotropic graphene aerogels (GAs) are usually fabricated by unidirectional-freezing with graphene oxide (GO) dispersion as the precursor. However, polymer additives or pre-gelation are usually required to enhance the anisotropic architectures, which often cause attenuations in electrical conductivity and shape control accuracy. Herein, we demonstrate a calcium ion-assisted unidirectional-freezing approach for fabricating highly anisotropic GAs by unidirectionally freezing aqueous suspensions of GO with a trace amount of calcium ions, followed by freeze-drying and thermal reduction. The calcium ions could slightly crosslink GO sheets by coordination, and hence reduce the interaction between GO sheets and in situ grown ice pillars, benefiting vertical alignment of the GO sheets. After freeze-drying to sublime these ice pillars, high-temperature annealing is adopted to thermally reduce the anisotropic GO aerogels by removing their oxygen-containing groups, resulting in highly anisotropic GAs. The lightweight and anisotropic GA exhibits excellent sensitivity and durable reversibility as a piezoresistive sensor because of its highly aligned porous architecture. Furthermore, GA exhibits prominent adsorption capacity for many organic pollutants from wastewaters. Interestingly, the vertically aligned porous structure of GA enhances its solar-light absorption and solar-thermal energy conversion, making GA efficient in decreasing the viscosity of crude oil and thus enhancing its adsorption capacity .
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PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
·
2021
·Vol. 118
·期 23
·e2024329118
·
IF 11.205
Panbing Wang,M. A. R. Al Azad,Xiong Yang,Paolo R. Martelli,Kam Yan Cheung,Jiahai Shi,Yajing Shen
We disclose a peculiar rotational propulsion mechanism of Ray sperms enabled by its unusual heterogeneous dual helixes with a rigid spiral head and a soft tail, named Heterogeneous Dual Helixes (HDH) model for short. Different from the conventional beating propulsion of sperm, the propulsion of Ray sperms is from both the rotational motion of the soft helical tail and the rigid spiral head. Such heterogeneous dual helical propulsion style provides the Ray sperm with high adaptability in viscous solutions along with advantages in linearity, straightness, and bidirectional motion. This HDH model is further corroborated by a miniature swimming robot actuated via a rigid spiral head and a soft tail, which demonstrates similar superiorities over conventional ones in terms of adaptability and efficiency under the same power input. Such findings expand our knowledge on microorganisms’ motion, motivate further studies on natural fertilization, and inspire engineering designs.
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高影响因子
Nanomaterials
·
2021
·Vol. 11
·期 6
·1486
·
IF 5.076
Xuan Wang,Weihua Ao,Sijia Sun,Han Zhang,Run Zhou,Yangzi Li,Jie Wang,Hao Ding
Superhydrophobic coatings with intelligent properties have attracted much attention because of their wide application in many fields. However, there is a limited amount of literature on superhydrophobic coatings whose wettability and adhesion can be adjusted by UV irradiation and calcination at the same time. In this study, amorphous SiO2microspheres (A-SiO2) and nano-TiO2particles (N-TiO2) were used to fabricate A-SiO2/N-TiO2composites by wet grinding, and then, they were modified with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and sprayed onto substrate surfaces to obtain a tunable adhesive superhydrophobic A-SiO2/N-TiO2@PDMS coating. It is worth noting that the wettability and adhesion of the coating to water droplets could be adjusted by UV irradiation and calcination. The mechanisms of the aforementioned phenomena were studied. Moreover, methyl orange solution could be degraded by the coating due to its photocatalysis. The as-prepared coating had good adaptation to different substrates and outdoor environments. Moreover, the surfaces of these coatings exhibited the same liquid repellency towards different droplets. This research provides an environmental strategy to prepare advanced self-cleaning coatings.Keywords:superhydrophobicity;photocatalytic activity;tunable adhesion;TiO2;PDMS
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