SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
·
2026
·
IF 7.7
Renze Zhang,Hanyang Ji,Zhiqiang Yang,Huai Wang,Fangling Zhou,Guanchao Li,Zhijia Liao,Mengran Ran,Hongmin Zhu,Tianyao Qi,Zhenyu Yuan,Yanbai Shen,Fanli Meng
Triethylamine (TEA), a hazardous industrial volatile organic compound, requires sensors with rapid response and ppb-level sensitivity. This study synthesized m-LaVO 4 nanospheres with controlled exposed crystal facets via a hydrothermal method. The optimized material, featuring a layered morphology and dominant (200) plane, showed a high response of 27.2 to 100 ppm TEA at 225°C with a 5 s response time, shortening to 2 s at 15 ppm. The sensor demonstrated a low detection limit of 1 ppb, excellent selectivity, repeatability, long-term stability, and light-modulated sensing behavior. These properties are attributed to the unique layered structure and surface characteristics of m-LaVO 4 , making it a promising candidate for efficient, low-concentration TEA detection.
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CHINESE JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS
·
2026
·
IF 17.7
Juxia Xiong,Hao Ma,Yingjun Dong,Benjamin Liu,Xiangji Zhou,Linbo Li,Yuanmiao Sun,Xiaolong Zhang,Hui-Ming Cheng
Bi-based catalysts are known to promote the electrochemical reduction of CO 2 to formic acid (HCOOH) or formate (HCOO − ). However, their implementation presents challenges: the first H + /e − pair transfer to form the key *OCHO intermediate on a Bi surface is a slow, kinetically sluggish endergonic process, resulting in a large overpotential and narrow potential window for high HCOOH/HCOO − selectivity. Altering the localized p -orbital electron states of Bi to change intermediate binding behaviors is difficult. We addressed this problem by using an in-situ polymerization method to obtain a polyaniline-Bi hybrid (PANI-Bi) with Bi surrounded by PANI chains. Combined experimental and computational studies indicate that the polyaniline acted as an “electron pump” that facilitated charge transfer from the PANI backbone to the Bi surface and changed the p -orbital electrons of the Bi active sites. This lowered the energy barrier for the adsorption of intermediates and facilitated *OCHO formation. Consequently, a significant increase in formate production was observed, achieving a single-pass carbon efficiency exceeding 48.7% at 800 mA cm −2 . This organic functionalization strategy, aimed at modifying the electronic structure of heterogeneous catalysts, offers a promising approach for achieving highly selective electroreduction of CO 2 at a high current density.
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ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
·
2026
·
IF 19
Guodong Liu,Tao Han,Hong Cao,Xiaohong Jiang,Wenliang Zhang,Hanbin Liu,Zhijian Li
Self-powered electrochromic devices, which integrate optical modulation with energy storage, represent a significant direction in adaptive optics and smart electronics. However, they still face limitations such as monotonous operation modes, slow self-charging, and complex fabrication processes. To address these challenges, we present a novel self-powered electrochromic system (MnO 2 ||PEDOT:PSS/PANI:PSS||Zn) based on a synergistic strategy of complementary color fusion and potential gradient utilization. The electrochromic electrode exploits the complementary color fusion effect between the cathodic electrochromic material PEDOT:PSS and the anodic electrochromic material PANI:PSS, enabling distinct color manifestations (green, purple, and blue) at different redox states. The inherent potential gradient among MnO 2 , PEDOT:PSS/PANI:PSS, and Zn provides a robust driving force for the redox reactions in the electrochromic electrode, allowing the system to achieve rapid and reversible bidirectional color switching along with multiple output modes. Via a fully-printed fabrication process, we integrated the three electrodes onto a single paper substrate, constructing a compact, mechanically flexible, multi-mode self-powered electrochromic system. This system has been successfully applied in reconfigurable multicolor display arrays and pressure-activated connected smart display labels. We envision that this work provides new insights into the development of flexible, multifunctional energy-optical systems.
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ACS Applied Nano Materials
·
2026
·
IF 5.5
Dongdong Deng,Yuxiang Nie,Shuping Li,Chao Liu,Kun Wang,Bingqi Xia,Yonghe Deng
Two-dimensional carbon nitride materials such as g-C3N4 have been extensively investigated for microwave absorption, yet their performance is often limited by insufficient dielectric loss and poor impedance matching. In contrast, g-C3N5, an emerging N-rich carbon nitride with higher defect density and a more tunable electronic structure, holds great promise for electromagnetic wave attenuation but has remained largely unexplored. In this work, we engineer dendritic PANI-coated g-C3N5 architectures through an in situ oxidative polymerization strategy that enables simultaneous regulation of dielectric properties and impedance matching. Unlike conventional single-component modification, this structure-guided design constructs efficient conductive pathways while introducing abundant heterogeneous interfaces, thereby achieving a well-balanced synergy between conduction loss and interfacial or dipolar polarization. Benefiting from this cooperative mechanism, the g-C3N5/PANI composite with a mass ratio of 4:1 delivers a minimum reflection loss of −46.79 dB at 2.1 mm and a wide effective absorption bandwidth of 5.53 GHz at 2.5 mm. This study establishes g-C3N5 as a promising next-generation microwave absorber and proposes a generalizable structural-engineering concept for designing lightweight and high-efficiency conductive-polymer composites.
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Journal of Energy Storage
·
2026
·
IF 9.8
Qianhui Ren,Bo Jin,Yiyang Li
Lithium‑sulfur (Li-S) batteries possess great theoretical specific capacity and energy density, low cost, and better safety, thus, they are deemed to be very promising batteries. However, they have also low active material utilization, shuttle effect, and volume expansion problems, which have brought serious obstacle to the commercial development of Li-S batteries. These problems can be refined via modifying polypropylene (PP) diaphragm. In this work, we design a heterostructure consisting of nitrogen-doped carbon (NC), metal niobium (Nb), and Co x Se 8 (Co 9 Se 8 and Co 6.8 Se 8 ) to modify PP. According to density functional theory (DFT) calculations, the presence of Nb in Nb-Co x Se 8 /NC results in fortified catalytic conversion capability toward lithium polysulfides (LiPSs). Furthermore, Co x Se 8 adsorbs the LiPSs to a substantial extent, mitigating the shuttle effect, which leads to enhanced use of the active substance during charging and discharging reactions. Simultaneously, the porous architecture mitigates the expansion in sulfur's volume. The electrochemical test consequence depicts that Li-S battery with Nb-Co x Se 8 /NC-PP diaphragm has a primary discharge capacity of 1449 mAh g −1 at 0.5 C, with a capacity retention rate of 68% after 100 cycles. It has also an initial discharge capacity of 868 mAh g −1 at 10 C in the rate performance test. Even with a high areal loading of 3.1 mg cm −2 , Li-S battery delivers an adequate electrochemical functionality. This study provides an idea for constructing heterostructured metal selenides to improve the electrochemical functionality of Li-S batteries.
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POLYMER
·
2026
·
IF 5.1
Muyi Han,Rongjun Wei,Bingqing Quan,Jiashuo Wang,Xinpeng Hu,Xiang Lu
The rapid development of intelligent wearable devices increases the need for materials that provide effective thermal management and electromagnetic shielding, yet integrating rapid thermal response, sustained heat buffering, and electromagnetic protection within a flexible membrane remains challenging. Phase change materials offer latent heat storage, but their integration with functional fillers is hindered by limited flexibility and weak interfacial adhesion, which disrupts functional layer continuity and diminishes performance. Here, we construct a paraffin wax@polyvinylidene fluoride (PP) fibrous membrane with an organic-inorganic Polyaniline/MXene (PANI/MXene) hybrid coating. PANI forms a flexible and hydrophilic surface that facilitates the uniform deposition and interfacial integration of MXene nanosheets, enabling the formation of a continuous conductive network. This hybrid coating enables rapid photothermal heating, efficient Joule heating, and strong electromagnetic shielding. With a latent heat storage capability provided by the phase change layer, the membrane shows a temperature rise of 26.2 °C under AM 1.5 irradiation, heating up to 54.5 °C at 3.5 V voltage, and electromagnetic shielding effectiveness exceeding 40 dB. This work demonstrates a stable and scalable coating strategy for next-generation wearable materials.
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MICROCHIMICA ACTA
·
2026
·Vol. 193
·期 4
·233
·
IF 5.4
Gao Xiang,Hou Yujiao,Lin Fang,Wen Limei,Guo Yali,Kong Weijun,Hu Junping,Yang Jianhua
An electrochemical (EC) molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) sensor for therapeutic drug monitoring of olanzapine (OLZ) has been developed. A “rime-like” gold-platinum nanostructured film (Au-Pt NF) was fabricated on a screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) via an one-step hydrogen bubble dynamic template (HBDT) method, followed by electropolymerization of a polyaniline-based MIP. The Au-Pt NF/SPCE served as an ideal three-dimensional conductive substrate with a large active area and enhanced electron-transfer capability, endowing the specific MIP sensor with high sensitivity. Using [Fe(CN) 6 ] 3−/4− as a redox probe, the sensor quantified OLZ by the decrease in differential pulse voltammetry current caused by target binding. It exhibited two linear ranges (0.005–0.4 µM and 0.4–10 µM) with a detection limit of 0.94 nM, and demonstrated high selectivity, reproducibility, and stability. The sensor achieved recoveries of 96.7–102.7% for OLZ in tablets, urine, and whole blood. This work provides a reliable, all-EC sensing platform with strong potential for rapid OLZ monitoring in clinical settings.
Section
Graphical
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ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2026
·
IF 7.8
Ren Qian,Zhang Xin
The usage of electronics has led to the issue of electromagnetic wave pollution, and the demand for materials that can absorb electromagnetic waves is increasing. The longevity of materials may be impacted by damage caused during use. Here, a composite strategy with efficient electromagnetic wave absorption and self-healing through induction heating is proposed. Ni/PUF/PU@ER (NPPE), Cu/Ni/PUF/PU@ER (CNPPE), and Ni/PANI/PU@ER (NPAPE) microcapsules with magnetic and conductive characteristics were prepared by interface polymerization, in situ polymerization, and electroless plating methods. Their superior mechanical and thermal durability guarantee the long-term stability of the healing agent. The minimum reflection loss of the composite with NPAPE is –54.62 dB at 1.85 mm, and the effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) is 3.95 GHz. Additionally, the EAB reaches 4.32 GHz at 1.93 mm, surpassing the RL min and EAB values of the majority of similar materials. Due to the exceptional electromagnetic synergy of NPAPE, the composite exhibits the most outstanding induction heating performance. The material reaches 68.3 ° C within 10 min, which is higher than the temperatures of the other two materials. Furthermore, the crack area of the composite significantly reduces, demonstrating excellent quick self-healing characteristics for damage. This novel strategy is conducive to promoting the development of the circular economy and can introduce a worthwhile research direction into the field of electromagnetic wave absorption.
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ACS Applied Energy Materials
·
2026
·
IF 5.5
Wu Pengxuan,Ding Yusong,Li Bingshuang,He Yunxia,Liu Qian,Huang Xiaoxi
This study reports a mesoporous carbon confinement strategy for enhancing the mass activity and structural durability of Au-based catalysts toward electrochemical CO 2 reduction reaction (CO 2 RR) to CO. Glutathione-protected Au clusters were introduced into polyaniline-derived mesoporous carbon (PDMC), followed by thermal ligand removal, producing ultrasmall Au nanoparticles uniformly embedded within a conductive N-doped carbon framework. The mesoporous carbon matrix effectively restricts Au growth and suppresses nanoparticle aggregation, thereby preserving abundant low-coordinated Au surface sites while maintaining accessible channels for charge and mass transport. The optimized Au@PDMC-30 catalyst delivers a CO Faradaic efficiency of 90.0 ± 1.3% at –0.9 V vs reversible hydrogen electrode in an H-type cell and maintains stable CO production for over 24 h without obvious Au aggregation. More importantly, under flow-cell conditions, Au@PDMC-30 achieves a high CO mass activity of 1192.4 mA mg –1 , approximately twice that of commercial Au/C, demonstrating greatly improved precious-metal utilization. In situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and density functional theory calculations reveal that the confined low-coordinated Au sites possess an optimized electronic structure that facilitates *COOH formation, thereby accelerating the CO 2 to CO pathway. This work highlights confinement engineering of ultrasmall noble-metal nanoparticles as an effective route to improve catalytic selectivity, durability, and mass-normalized activity for CO 2 RR.
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Separations
·
2025
·Vol. 12
·期 10
·267
·
IF 2.7
Jinyu Li,Xuan Zhang,Jincheng Xu,Xi Feng,Shucheng Liu
The application of microsphere molecularly imprinted materials for the targeted extraction and purification of flavonoids derived from agricultural waste has emerged as a prominent area of investigation. An innovative boronate affinity imprinted microsphere (MC-CD@BA-MIP) was successfully synthesized using the Pickering emulsion interfacial assembly strategy for the selective separation of naringin (NRG). The double-bond functionalized covalent organic framework (COF)-based microspheres were synthesized through Schiff–base reaction and secondary interfacial emulsion polymerization. Then, the synthetic mono-(6-mercapto-6-deoxy)-β-cyclodextrin (SH-β-CD) was grafted onto the surface of the microspheres (MC) using click chemistry. The 1-allylpyridine-3-boronic acid (APBA) as a functional monomer was grafted onto the initiator (ABIB) through atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). Ultimately, the synthesized boronic acid-imprinted ABIB-BA-MIPs were immobilized onto the COFs microsphere surface through host–guest interactions. As expected, under neutral conditions, the MC-CD@BA-MIPs still exhibited a significant adsorption capacity (38.78 μmol g−1at 308 K) for NRG. The regenerated MC-CD@BA-MIPs maintained 92.56% of their initial adsorption capacity through six consecutive cycles.
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EUROPEAN POLYMER JOURNAL
·
2025
·
IF 6.3
Xinyue Yang,Zhixing Gao,Wei Zou,Zhongjie Du,Chen Zhang
Herein, a hierarchical cornflower-like polyaniline (PANI) was constructed by employing synergistic combination of the interfacial polymerization and the introduction of both branch structure and chiral doping acid to obtain high specific surface area and anisotropic chain alignment. Attributed to such special morphology of the obtained PANI, an enhanced electromagnetic shielding performance could be achieved. The formation of the three-dimensional, radially aligned cornflower-like morphology was investigated in detail. When 7.3 wt% chloroform was introduced, and 1mol% N-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine and 150 mol% 1R-(−)-10-camphorsulfonic acid, based on the aniline monomer, were applied, the cornflower-like PANI with 67.7 m 2 /g of specific surface area was generated. When it was integrated with carbon cloth, the cornflower-like PANI/carbon cloth composite with the overall thickness of 0.193 mm exhibited an electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness of 76.22 dB in the X-band (8.2–12.4 GHz). More importantly, the absorption (57.56 dB) was identified as the dominant loss mechanism. The proposed preparation strategy offers a novel approach for generating the PANI with special micro-morphology and then an enhanced electromagnetic interference shielding properties.
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ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
·
2025
·
IF 6.7
Shanshan Gong,Xuanqi Rao,Yun Li,Hanyu Guo,Changling Miao,Jingyao Song,Mengfan Zhang,Yiru Zhou,Xueping Zhang,You Yu
Breathable and comfortable wearable biosensing textiles capable of detecting multiple biomarkers in human sweat offer a promising approach to continuous health monitoring in daily life. Current wearable flexible electrochemical textiles face limitations in multibiomarker integration and often require large surface areas and excessive sweat volumes to activate the sensors. Here, we report a highly integrated sweat sensor based on a multifunctional core–sheath sensor, which integrates multiple electrodes in a three-dimensional spatially isolated manner in a single yarn through an improved braiding process, drives the directional flow of sweat based on the synergistic action of wettability gradient and yarn structure to significantly shorten the transmission path, and enhances the mechanical strength and dynamic deformation stability of the sensor through a helix-crossing braiding structure. The combination of high sensitivity and comfort provides a new idea for the mass production of low-cost, multiparameter health monitoring devices.
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