JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE
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2019
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IF 7.015
Qing Dai,Wenjing Lu,Yuyue Zhao,Huamin Zhang,Xiangxue Zhu,Xianfeng Li
A zeolite composite membrane (ZCM) was designed and fabricated via a simple versatile and scalable method. A thin layer of ZSM-35 flakes with pore size between hydrated protons and vanadium ions was fixed on the poly(ether-sulfone)/sulfonated poly(ether-ether-ketone) (PES/SPEEK) porous substrate by in-situ interfacial polymerization. The ZSM flake layer can perfectly separate hydrated vanadium ions and protons, therefore, show very impressive performance for vanadium flow batteries (VFBs). As a result, a VFB assembled with an optimized ZCM exhibited a columbic efficiency more than 99% and energy efficiency of over 91% at a current density of 80 mA cm -2 , which is among the highest performance ever reported. Furthermore, the energy efficiency can reach 81.6% at a very high current density of 200 mA cm -2 and keep stable for 1000 cycles at a current density of 180 mA cm -2 . This method opened a door toward the large-scale production of highly selective composite membranes for flow batteries.
研究领域:
材料科学
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能源技术
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DOI
高影响因子
Metals
·
2022
·Vol. 12
·期 6
·1019
·
IF 2.695
Shushi Zhang,Peng Hu,Jiating Rao,Zhenyang Wang,Yanbing Zong,Jianliang Zhang
HIsmelt is well suited for smelting vanadium–titanium magnetite due to its flexibility in feedstock selection and tolerance to high viscosity slag, compared with the blast furnace. In this work, the effect of smelting time on the distribution behavior and recovery rates of vanadium and titanium in HIsmelt smelting of vanadium–titanium magnetite was investigated by experiment for the first time. The relationship between slag viscosity and temperature at different smelting times was further revealed by thermodynamic calculations. The experimental results show that extending the smelting time increases the FeO content in the slag, theLVrose from 0.66 to 5.02, theLTideclined from 206.90 to 114.86, the shorter smelting time is favorable for increasing the recovery ratio of vanadium and titanium in metal and slag. In addition, slag viscosity decreases with increasing smelting time. The precipitation of high melting point titania spinel and CaTiO3phases is responsible for the significant increase in slag viscosity at 1300 °C.Keywords:HIsmelt;vanadium titano–magnetite;distribution behavior;recovery;viscosity
研究领域:
冶金学
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材料科学
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DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
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2022
·
IF 7.968
Yanfang Huang,Kunpeng Shi,Shengpeng Su,Bingbing Liu,Hu Sun,Guihong Han
Selective separation of molybdenum(Mo) and vanadium(V) from hazardous secondary resources containing Mo and V has become a technical bottleneck of its resource utilization. In this work, the selective separation of Mo and efficient recovery of V from simulated leaching solutions of spent hydrodesulfurization (HDS) catalysts were investigated via solvent extraction and chemical precipitation . The result indicates that the D 2 EHPA(P204) exhibits higher selectivity for Mo in strongly acidic conditions. Under optimum experimental conditions of hydrochloric acid of 1 mol/L, extractant concentration of 20 % (v/v), O/A ratio of 1:3 and contact time of 50 min, the single-stage extraction ratio of Mo reached 98.63 %, meanwhile, the co-extraction ratio of vanadium was less than 5 %. Additionally, over 97 % of Mo could be stripped from loaded organic phase at O/A ratio of 1 with 50 g/L NH 4 HCO 3 . The mechanism analysis revealed that selective extraction of Mo was mainly through the cation exchange mechanism. Moreover, the enthalpy changes in the molybdenum extraction were 44.1 kJ mol −1 , which demonstrated that was an endothermic reaction . Furthermore, the Fe(III) was adopted to fabricate FeVO 4 by precipitating vanadium from raffinate, and the precipitation efficiency of vanadium reached 97.71 % at a Fe/V molar ratio of 5/2, meanwhile, the precipitation product was further confirmed by XRD, XPS and SEM-EDS. Ultimately, a conceptual flowsheet for recovering completely Mo and V from simulated leaching solutions of spent HDS catalysts was proposed, which provides theoretical guidance for the resource utilization of containing molybdenum and vanadium secondary resources.
研究领域:
环境科学
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冶金工程
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DOI
高影响因子
ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
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2023
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IF 8.4
Huayi Tan,Bingqiang Fan,Shili Zheng,Yang Zhang
Based on the characteristics of complexation reactions, a novel method for the recovery and separation of vanadium (V), molybdenum (Mo), and nickel (Ni) is proposed. This approach mainly utilizes oxalic acid and hexamethylenetetramine (HMT) as complexing agents to recover and separate V, Mo, and Ni from the roasting slag of the byproduct carbon black from petroleum refineries, which includes the above elements plus iron and calcium. According to the differences in the solubilities of the metallic oxalic acid complexes, V and Mo were selectively leached with efficiencies of 95.49% and 97.74%, respectively, while Ni, iron, and calcium remained in the residue. After decomplexing the V and Mo complexes in the leachate by adding sulfuric acid, the oxalic acid was recycled. Then, the solution containing V and Mo was treated with HMT, and 93.19% of the Mo was complexed and precipitated. Finally, the precipitated Mo complex was dissociated by the addition of calcium oxide to separate and recover Mo and HMT with a Mo recovery efficiency of 95.72%, and HMT was regenerated and used in the following cycles. As a result, the method proposed in this study is an efficient and sustainable way to recover and separate V, Mo, and Ni from the industrial waste of petroleum refineries.
研究领域:
环境科学
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化学工程
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
HYDROMETALLURGY
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2023
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IF 4.7
Guopeng Yang,Qinggang Li,Guiqing Zhang,Mingyu Wang,Zuoying Cao,Wenjuan Guan,Jiawei Du,Shengxi Wu
Traditional vanadium extraction process, which involves H 2 SO 4 stripping after solvent extraction followed by ammonium vanadate precipitation, faced the issues of large amount of reagent consumption and discharge of ammonia contaminated wastewater. Hydrogen peroxide stripping and precipitation of vanadium products by heating process was considered as a novel alternative for H 2 SO 4 stripping - ammonium vanadate precipitation route due to the ammonia-free wastewater and high efficiency. However, it was found that the V stripping efficiency was in the range of 54.9% ∼ 97.7% during the pilot test of 3-stage counter-current stripping, which was extremely unstable, as the high stripping efficiency (>95%) could only be achieved in a very short operation time (within 30 s). To solve these issues, the ion species transformation and the stripping mechanism of V with H 2 O 2 were systematically investigated. In this study, experimental results demonstrated that re-extraction led to a decrease of stripping efficiency. The use of D2EHPA alone without TBP as a modifier had a clear effect on prolonging the duration of maximum stripping efficiency at the optimal conditions so that the continuous operation of the pilot test was possible. The optimal stripping conditions were a molar ratio of H 2 O 2 :V of 4:1, phase ratio (O/A) of 3:1, temperature of 20 °C，stripping time of 8 min and the operation time of 3 min which resulted a ∼ 98% V stripping efficiency. In addition, the precipitation of vanadium products by heating, proposed in this work was a cleaner and more efficient V precipitation procedure that didn't require any reagents and produced no wastewater. Eventually, heating the strip liquor at 100 °C for 1 h resulted a precipitation efficiency of 96% V. The intermediate precipitated products (V 5 O 12 ∙6H 2 O and V 10 O 24 ∙12H 2 O) were roasted to obtain V 2 O 5 with a purity of >99%. Finally, the new process saves 885.2 $/t V 2 O 5 compared with the traditional process according to the cost analysis. The research results provide an efficient, clean and economical process for recovering V 2 O 5 from titanium-white waste.
研究领域:
冶金工程
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环境工程
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DOI
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
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2022
·
IF 7.139
Jinchao Li,Jun Long,Wenheng Huang,Wenjie Xu,Jun Liu,Huan Luo,Yaping Zhang
A series of novel branched sulfonated polyimide (bSPI-x) membranes with 8% branched degree are developed for application in vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB). The sulfonation degrees of bSPI-x membranes are precisely regulated for obtaining excellent comprehensive performance. Among all bSPI-x membranes, the bSPI-50 membrane shows strong vanadium permeability resistance, which is as 8 times as that of commercial Nafion 212 membrane. At the same time, the bSPI-50 membrane has remarkable proton selectivity, which is four times as high as that of Nafion 212 membrane. The bSPI-50 membrane possesses slower self-discharge speed than Nafion 212 membrane. Furthermore, the bSPI-50 membrane achieves stable VRFB efficiencies during 200-time charge-discharge cycles at 120–180 mA cm −2 . Simultaneously, the bSPI-50 membrane exhibits excellent capacity retention compared with Nafion 212 membrane. All results imply that the bSPI-50 membrane possesses good application prospect as a promising alternative separator of VRFB.
研究领域:
材料科学
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电化学
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能源存储
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DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE
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2024
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IF 8.4
Yuxuan Zheng,Weiyi Xu,Yulin Wu,Jingyi Ding,Haowei Yu,Xinze You,Yixing Wang,Zhi Xu
Researchers have attempted to introduce imidazole groups into sulfonated polyimide (SPI) to create acid–base interactions, which could effectively improve the physicochemical properties of membranes. However, the strong alkalinity of imidazole groups makes the deprotonation process difficult, thereby impeding the proton transport process. Herein, electron-withdrawing benzoyl groups was introduced by a cross-linking process to regulate the acid-base interactions, which successfully reduced the alkalinity of benzimidazole group, thereby reinforcing proton conduction. Meanwhile, the dense structure formed on the membrane effectively reduce the vanadium ion permeability. SPI membranes with a cross-linking time of 10 min exhibited low vanadium ion permeability (1.38 × 10 −7 cm 2 min −1 ) and the highest proton conductivity of 76.0 mS cm −1 , achieving the superb stability for 1500 cycles with the highest EE of 83.9 % at 120 mA cm −2 . This work offers a facile approach to solve the trade-off issue between proton conductivity and vanadium ions permeability for SPI-based proton exchange membranes.
研究领域:
材料科学
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电化学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE
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2021
·
IF 8.742
Jun Long,Wenjie Xu,Shoubin Xu,Jun Liu,Yanlin Wang,Huan Luo,Yaping Zhang,Jinchao Li,Liangyin Chu
The development of a vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB) urgently requires proton conductive membranes with high proton selectivity. Herein, we synthesized branched anhydride monomer 1,3,5-tris(3,4-anhydride phenoxy)benzene using a three-step method. Furthermore, we prepared successfully novel double branched sulfonated polyimide (dbSPI) membranes with ultra-low vanadium ion permeability (0.4–2.5×10 −8 cm 2 min −1 ), one or two orders of magnitude lower than that of the Nafion 212 membrane (7.25×10 −7 cm 2 min −1 ). Among all membranes, the dbSPI-50 membrane with the highest proton selectivity (23.25×10 5 S min cm −3 ), approximately 68 times higher than that of the Nafion 212 membrane, was chosen for assembling of a VRFB single cell. Because of its ultra-low vanadium ion permeability, the dbSPI-50 membrane exhibited much longer self-discharge time (97 h) and superior capacity retention (82.6–91.3%) compared with the Nafion 212 membrane. Moreover, both coulomb efficiency (99.6–98.5%) and energy efficiency (69.3–80.1%) of the dbSPI-50 membrane are higher than those of the Nafion 212 membrane after 300 times charge-discharge tests at a current density from 200 to 100 mA cm −2 . All these results demonstrate that the optimized dbSPI-50 membrane is a promising candidate for applications in VRFBs.
研究领域:
材料科学
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能源存储技术
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
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2017
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IF 6.395
Jinchao Li,Suqin Liu,Zhen He,Zhi Zhou
A novel branched side-chain-type sulfonated polyimide (6F-s-bSPI) membrane with accessible branching agents of melamine , hydrophobic trifluoromethyl groups ( CF 3 ), and flexible sulfoalkyl pendants is prepared by a high-temperature polycondensation and post-sulfonation method for use in vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs). The chemical structure of the 6F-s-bSPI membrane is confirmed by ATR-FTIR and 1 H NMR spectra. The physico-chemical properties of the as-prepared 6F-s-bSPI membrane are systematically investigated and found to be strongly related to the specially designed structure. The 6F-s-bSPI membrane offers a reduced cost and possesses a significantly lowered vanadium ion permeability (1.18 × 10 −7 cm 2 min −1 ) compared to the linear SPI (2.25 × 10 −7 cm 2 min −1 ) and commercial Nafion 115 (1.36 × 10 −6 cm 2 min −1 ) membranes, prolonging the self-discharge duration of the VRFBs. In addition, the VRFB assembled with a 6F-s-bSPI membrane shows higher coulombic (98.3%–99.7%) and energy efficiencies (88.4%–66.12%) than that with a SPI or Nafion 115 membrane under current densities ranging from 20 to 100 mA cm −2 . Moreover, the VRFB with a 6F-s-bSPI membrane delivers a stable cycling performance over 100 cycles with no decline in coulombic and energy efficiencies. These results show that the branched side-chain-type structure is a promising design to prepare excellent proton conductive membranes.
研究领域:
材料科学
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电化学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
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2017
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IF 3.359
Qihua Shi,Yimin Zhang,Jing Huang,Tao Liu,Hong Liu,Luyao Wang
New extractant and an extractant system are attractive for liquid-liquid extraction. To improve the extraction efficiency and selectivity, the binary extractant system consisting of bis-2-ethylhexyl phosphoric acid (D2EHPA) and 2-ethylhexylphosphonic mono-2-ethylhexyl (PC88A) was explored to separate vanadium (V) via synergism from multi-element sulphuric acid leaching solution in this study. The optimal proportion and concentration of extractant was investigated and results demonstrated that the maximum synergistic co-efficient was 1.52 by adjusting the volume ratio to 14:6 (D2EHPA/PC88A) when the extractant concentration was 20% (v/v). Next, the selectivity of the mixture was investigated at different pH values and contact time, which demonstrated better separation of vanadium from primary impurities compared with extraction by D2EHPA or PC88A alone. Furthermore, the Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectra were employed to analyse the mechanism of extraction. The results suggested that the cation exchange (P OH bands) and coordination reaction (P O bands) contribute to vanadium extraction, and the structure of extracted complex was proposed. The formation of a dimer between D2EHPA and PC88A was demonstrated. Finally, after multi-stage counter-current extraction and stripping, V 2 O 5 product with a high purity of 99.07% was obtained by oxidation, precipitation and calcination.
研究领域:
化学工程
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环境科学
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材料科学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE
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2013
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IF 4.093
Jingjing Pan,Shuanjin Wang,Min Xiao,Michael Hickner,Yuezhong Meng
Sulfonated poly(fluorenyl ether ketone) (SPFEK) membranes were modified with layered proton conductors zirconium phosphate sulfophenylenphosphonates (ZrPSPP) to improve the proton conductivity and mitigate vanadium ions crossover. The effects of ZrPSPP filler loading on the microstructure and chemical–physical property of SPFEK/ZrPSPP composite membranes as well as the vanadium redox flow battery performance are reported. The uniform dispersion of ZrPSPP sheets in the SPFEK matrix is investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). Since the sulfonic acid groups on the aromatic main-chains are less flexible, the proton channels in the pristine SPFEK membranes are relatively narrow and not well connected. The intensive sulfonic acid groups on ZrPSPP fillers increase the water uptake and the hydrophobic/hydrophilic microphase separation of the composite membranes, resulting in improved proton conductivity. The impermeable nanoplates demonstrate to be a potential physical barrier for vanadium ion diffusion. The VRB assembled with the SPFEK/5 wt%ZrPSPP composite membrane shows longest discharge time and maximal coulombic efficiency among VRBs using the pristine SPFEK and other hybrid SPFEK/ZrPSPP and Nafion 117 membranes.
研究领域:
材料科学
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电化学
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能源存储
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
Nano Research
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2016
·Vol. 9
·期 10
·2960-2971
·
IF 8.893
Peng Haitao,Sun Weihai,Li Yunlong,Ye Senyun,Rao Haixia,Yan Weibo,Zhou Huanping,Bian Zuqiang,Huang Chunhui
An inverted planar heterojunction perovskite solar cell (PSC) is one of the most competitive photovoltaic devices exhibiting a high power conversion efficiency (PCE) and nearly free hysteresis in the voltage–current output. However, the band alignment between the transport materials and the perovskite absorber has not been optimized, resulting in a lower open-circuit voltage ( V
oc ) than that of regular PSCs. To address this issue, we tune the band alignment in perovskite photovoltaic architecture by introducing bilayer structured transport materials, e.g., the hole transport material poly(ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS)/V 2 O 5 . In this study, solution processed inorganic V 2 O
x
interlayer is incorporated into PEDOT:PSS for achieving improved film surface properties as well as optical and electrical properties. For example, the work function (WF) was changed from 5.1 to 5.4 eV. A remarkably high PCE of 17.5% with nearly free hysteresis and a stabilized efficiency of 17.1% have been achieved. Electronic impedance spectra (EIS) demonstrate a significant increase in the recombination resistance after introducing the interlayer, associated with the high V
oc output value of 1.05 V. Transient photocurrent and photovoltage measurements indicate that a comparable charge transport process and an inhibited recombination process occur in the PSC with the introduction of the V 2 O
x
interlayer.
研究领域:
材料科学
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光伏技术
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物理化学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）