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Pullulan
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces · 2025 · IF 8.2

Dual-Strategy Pullulan-Soluble Microneedles Based on LL37@ZIF-8 and Artificial Nanozyme Antioxidation for Infected Wound Healing

Lijie Wang,Zixuan Wang,Jiarong Chang,Zhiyue Zhou,Xihan Wang,Zhaoming Li,Dawei Li,Fang Wang,Wen Zhang,Kannapathirage Dilini Maheshika Gunarathne,Xin Meng

Infected skin wound healing involves a series of dynamic and complex physiological processes. In this study, we reported a dissolvable microneedle (MN) with pullulan as the matrix material. The antimicrobial peptide LL37 was immobilized in situ within ZIF-8 to form hybrid nanoparticle LL37@ZIF-8 (LZ). This nanoparticle was then loaded onto the tip of the microneedle along with Prussian Blue (PB) nanozymes to obtain PB+LZ@MN, which exhibits both antimicrobial and antioxidative activities, for the healing of infected skin wounds. The MN, with good mechanical properties, could rapidly dissolve its tip upon insertion into the skin, releasing LZ and PB into the wound within 3 min. The MN had good physicochemical properties and biocompatibility and was shown to reduce inflammation and stimulate angiogenesis by enhancing collagen deposition and re-epithelialization in the Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat skin defect infection model. On the 10th day of wound healing, the healing rate of the PB+LZ@MN group was as high as 99%, which was significantly higher than that of the control at 84%, significantly accelerating the healing of the infected wound. This multifunctional MN is expected to provide a competitive biomaterial for accelerated infected wound healing.

✓ 已验证 产品关联 DOI PubMed 高影响因子
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES · 2024 · IF 7.7

Composite antibacterial hydrogels based on two natural products pullulan and ε-poly-l-lysine for burn wound healing

Wenzhuang Cui,Chu Gong,Yujie Liu,Ying Yue,Jun Wang,Zhizhou Yang,Junli Yang

Antibacterial hydrogels as burn wound dressings are capable of efficaciously defending against bacterial infection and accelerating burn wound healing. Thus far, a large plethora of antibacterial hydrogels have adopted numerous components and intricate preparation processes, yet restricting their practical industrialization applications. Simple and effective preparation methods of antibacterial hydrogels are hence urgently needed. Herein, an easy but efficacious strategy with the employment of two natural products pullulan and ε-poly- l -lysine (ε-PL) was designed to fabricate composite antibacterial hydrogels for burn wound healing for the first time. The hydrogel crosslinking networks were formed through amidation reactions between carboxylated pullulan derivative (CP) and ε-poly- l -lysine hydrochloride (ε-PL·HCl). The resulting hydrogels possessed high transparency, porous structures, tunable gelation time and gel content, relatively low swelling ratios, appropriate self-degradability, proper mechanical properties, strong in vitro bacteriostatic activities, non-cytotoxicity, capacities of facilitating cell migration and excellent hemocompatibility. In the infected burn model of mice, the hydrogels were observed to display prominent in vivo antibacterial activities and enable the acceleration of burn wound healing. We opine the simply and effectively prepared antibacterial hydrogels as promising dressings for burn wound recovery have broad industrialization prospects.

研究领域: 材料科学 · 生物医学工程 · 药剂学 · 伤口愈合
✓ 已验证 产品关联 DOI PubMed 高影响因子
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Food Bioscience · 2025 · IF 5.9

Electrospun nanofiber membranes based on dialdehyde pullulan polysaccharide and schiff base crosslinked lysozyme for antibacterial packaging of blueberries

Yu Ma,Ru Tian,Yudong Song,Chenghui Yin,Hui Huang,Yongxin Li

Pullulan polysaccharide electrospun nanofiber membrane is promising in food packaging field. However, there are still some limitations in its application, due to its high hydrophilicity, poor basic properties (water and thermal stability, mechanical properties, etc.) and weak bioactivity. To solve these problems, pullulan polysaccharide was first oxidized to dialdehyde pullulan polysaccharide (DPul). Then the DPul was prepared into electrospun nanofiber membrane (DPul-M). The DPul-M was used as a green crosslinking agent, and the aldehyde group on the DPul-M and the amino group of lysozyme were reacted with each other by Schiff base to form an imine bond (C=N), thus crosslinking lysozyme to the membrane and obtaining the dialdehyde pullulan polysaccharide-lysozyme nanofiber membrane (DPul-LZ-M). After crosslinking, the basic performance of the membrane was improved and the hydrophobicity was greatly enhanced. The water contact angles can reach to a maximum angle of 108°. Meanwhile, lysozyme crosslinked on the membranes significantly enhanced the antibacterial activity of the nanofiber membrane. It can achieve the highest antibacterial rate of 95.69 % and 95.46 % against E. coli and S. aureus , respectively. The preservation test indicates that the DPul-LZ-M can extend the shelf life of blueberries. The results showed that DPul-LZ-M has good application prospects in active food packaging.

CAS / MDL: 9057-02-7
研究领域: 食品科学 · 生物材料学
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FOOD CONTROL · 2024 · IF 5.6

Antimicrobial pullulan packaging materials embedded with starch/thymol nanoemulsion via dynamic high-pressure micro-fluidization for strawberry preservation

Shuyan Zhang,Xuxin Zhang,Yingyin Wu,Yinyin Shi,Xiaocui Wang,Jianfeng Wu,Xu Chen,Yujia Liu,Siqian Chen,Jie Zhu

Thymol/waxy maize starch nanoemulsion (TWSN) was successfully prepared via dynamic high-pressure micro-fluidization (DHPM) and applied in pullulan-based active food packaging material (P-TWSN). The properties of TWSN and its effect on the structural and physical-chemical properties of P-TWSN were then investigated. Concurrently, the impact of TWSN (0, 5, 15, 20, 25 mL) on the storage quality and flavor substances of strawberries coated by film-forming solution (FFS) were investigated by gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS). The results demonstrated that the prepared TWSN exhibited remarkable storage stability, maintaining a particle size of 127.9 ± 1.02 nm and a ζ-potential of −32.4 ± 0.42 mV. As TWSN concentration increased, P-TWSN exhibited a smooth and compact morphology, characterized by the presence of bubble-like pores and granular protrusions. Additionally, the FTIR peaks corresponded to the stretching vibration of -OH group of TWSN and related materials were shifted to lower wavenumbers. Furthermore, the materials with increasing content of TWSN exhibited excellent water solubility, enlarged WVP, stable thermal property and superior antibacterial capacity against gram-positive ( S.aureus ) than gram-negative ( E. coli ) bacteria. Strawberry samples sprayed by FFS with 20 mL TWSN exhibited the slowest decline in shrinkage, weight loss, titrable acidity, highest value of firmness, total soluble solids, and lower content of ascorbic acid and viable microorganisms in comparison with other dosages. Additionally, the contents of esters and alcohols in treated strawberries reached the summit on the fourth day of storage and subsequently declined, while the ketone content exhibited a downward trend with increasing TWSN, particularly in the samples with 20 and 25 mL TWSN. The studies identified an efficient method for preparing starch-based nanoemulsion by DHPM, which could be prospective in bio-active packaging materials.

研究领域: 食品科学 · 材料科学
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES · 2024 · IF 7.7

Soft and flexible polyvinyl alcohol/pullulan aerogels with fast and high water absorption capacity for facial mask substrates

Man Xiao,Mo Tan,Chun Peng,Fatang Jiang,Kao Wu,Ning Liu,Dan Li,Xiaolin Yao

Facial mask substrates commonly used in skincare are often considered unhealthy and environmentally unfriendly due to their composition of premoistened nonwovens containing various preservatives. This study aims to address this issue by developing a preservative-free degradable aerogel made from polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/pullulan (PUL) using a unidirectional freeze-drying method. The aerogels had ordered three-dimensional porous structures and exhibited desirable mechanical properties. They were soft and flexible in both dry and wet states, and their Young's moduli were comparable to that of human skin. The aerogels had high porosity, ranging from 93.0 % to 95.1 %, and exhibited a high water absorption rate and water absorption capacity (ranging from 7.5 g/g to 10.1 g/g). After 30 min of water evaporation, the aerogels showed excellent moisture retention, ranging from 88 % to 93 %. Additionally, the PVA/PUL aerogel efficiently loaded and released active ingredients, such as rapidly releasing ascorbic acid (> 90 % within 30 min). These findings suggest that the PVA/PUL aerogel has potential as a material for facial mask substrates.

CAS / MDL: 9002-89-5 9057-02-7
研究领域: 材料科学 · 生物医学工程 · 皮肤护理
✓ 已验证 产品关联 DOI PubMed 高影响因子
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Journal of Future Foods · 2024 · IF 5.2

Preparation of pullulan-shellac edible films with improved water-resistance and UV barrier properties for Chinese cherries preservation

Baoshan Tang,Jinju Ma,Lanxiang Liu,Juan Xu,Hong Zhang,Kun Li,Xinghao Tu,Qingfang Guan

In order to improve the water-resistance and ultraviolet (UV) barrier properties of pullulan (PL) film, edible composite films were prepared by solution casting based on PL and shellac (SH). The physical properties, thermal stability, mechanical properties, water vapor permeability and UV barrier of the composite films were characterized. The analysis of the functional properties revealed that the composite films had good compatibility, water-resistance (33.50˚–60.15˚), and strong UV-blocking properties (84.60%–0.00%). The addition of SH improved the water-resistance and mechanical properties of the films, but the thermal stability was slightly reduced. These films can be used as an edible coating on Chinese cherries. According to the characteristics of weight loss, decay incidence and other indicators of cherries, the PL-SH composite films can keep Chinese cherries fresh at room temperature at least for 7 days. Therefore, PL-SH composite films may be an environmentally friendly packaging material with application prospects in the fruit preservation industry.

CAS / MDL: 56-81-5
研究领域: 食品科学 · 材料科学
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES · 2024 · IF 7.7

Preparation of Eudragit S100-pullulan/hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin complex-Eudragit S100 multilayer nanofiber film for resveratrol colon delivery

Congyi Nie,Qian Liang,Qunyu Gao

Cyclodextrin-based electrospun nanofibers are promising for encapsulating and preserving unstable compounds, but quick dissolution of certain nanofibers hinders their delivery application. In this study, hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPβCD) was used as an effective carrier of resveratrol (RSV) to obtain the RSV/HPβCD inclusion complex (HPIC), which was then incorporated into pullulan nanofibers. For enhancement of RSV release toward colon target, multilayer structure with a pullulan/HPIC film sandwiched between two layers of hydrophobic Eudragit S100 (ES100) nanofibers was employed. The relationship between the superiority of the ES100-pullulan/HPIC-ES100 film and its multilayer structure was verified. The intimate interactions of hydrogen bonds between two adjacent layers enhanced thermal stability , and the hydrophobic outer layers improved water contact resistance. According to release results, multilayer films also showed excellent colon-targeted delivery property and approximately 78.58 % of RSV was observed to release in colon stage. In terms of release mechanism, complex mechanism best described RSV colonic release. Additionally, ES100-pullulan/HPIC-ES100 multilayer films performed higher encapsulation efficiency when compared to the structures without HPIC, which further increased the antioxidant activity and total release amount of RSV. These results suggest a promising strategy for designing safe colonic delivery systems based on multilayer and HPIC structures with superior preservation for RSV.

CAS / MDL: 501-36-0
研究领域: 药学 · 材料科学 · 药物递送系统 · 纳米技术
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LWT-FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY · 2020 · IF 4.006

Rheological aspects in fabricating pullulan-whey protein isolate emulsion suitable for electrospraying: Application in improving β-carotene stability

Ben Niu,Ping Shao,Simin Feng,Dan Qiu,Peilong Sun

Beta-carotene has been used as a food colorant and functional ingredient, but these applications are limited due to its poor stability. The aim of this work was to improve the stability of β-carotene by encapsulating it in electrosprayed particles. The electrohydrodynamic behavior of pullulan solution was studied and the influence of encapsulation and core-to-wall ratio on the stability of β-carotene at different temperatures and relative humidity were investigated. The specific viscosity of the polymer solution increased linearly with the concentration until 5% w/w concentration. The critical entanglement concentration of the pullulan was found to be 4.58% wt. Among the various concentrations of pullulan studied, 3% w/w pullulan solution yielded spherical, monodisperse nanoparticles. Electrosprayed particles with 1:50 core-to-wall ratio had highest encapsulation efficiency. The rate of β-carotene loss displayed first order reaction kinetic within 14 days, while displayed diffusion limited mode after 14 days storage. The retention of β-carotene from the electrosprayed particles accelerated markedly with decreasing temperatures and relative humidity. This study provides a strategy for the preparation of promising electrosprayed particles to improve the stability of β-carotene.

研究领域: 食品科学 · 化学工程 · 材料科学
✓ 已验证 DOI 高影响因子
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Food Packaging and Shelf Life · 2026 · IF 10.8

Electrospinning of myoglobin incorporated polyvinyl alcohol/pullulan film as intelligent freshness indicator: Fabrication, characterization and indicating salmon freshness

Yushan Zhang,Yujie Lei,Chuanxiang Cheng,Xiaoyun Ma,Shuo Yuan,Yuwan Luo,Libing Liu,Tiantian Min,Jin Yue

Raw salmon is highly susceptible to spoilage during storage, while the resulting quality deterioration is not always visually apparent. Therefore, an intelligent indicator capable of monitoring salmon freshness in real time is highly desirable. In this study, an intelligent freshness indicator was developed by electrospinning polyvinyl alcohol/pullulan (PVA/PUL) nanofibers incorporated with myoglobin as a natural chromogenic agent. The 0.4% myoglobin/PVA/PUL nanofibers showed a smooth, continuous, and uniform morphology with an average fiber diameter of 149.43 ± 26.41 nm, and responded effectively to hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) released during salmon spoilage, exhibiting an irreversible color change. During refrigerated storage of salmon, the K-value increased to 19.89%, 39.32%, and 61.72% on days 2, 4, and 7, corresponding to the primary freshness endpoint, secondary freshness endpoint, and complete spoilage point, respectively. Consistently, the indicator exhibited visible discoloration at these key storage stages, with the film color changing from red to red-brown and then to brown-green as freshness decreased. In addition, the increases in total volatile base nitrogen (TVB-N) and spoilage bacteria further confirmed the progressive deterioration of salmon during storage. This study provides a simple and intuitive method for detecting the freshness of salmon and other aquatic products, which is crucial for protecting consumer safety.

✓ 已验证 DOI 高影响因子
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ACS Applied Polymer Materials · 2026 · IF 5.2

Electric, pH, and Mechanical Stimuli-Responsive Hydrogels from Methacrylated Pullulan and Carboxymethylated-Methacrylated Xanthan Gum as Drug Carriers

Yaqi Zhang,Shiyao Liu,Hongman Xu,Jiahui Wu,Ruquan Zhang,Yongzhen Tao

Polyanionic polysaccharide-based hydrogels were developed as multistimuli-responsive drug carriers. Methacrylated pullulan (MP) acted as a thinner and rigidity regulator. Carboxymethylated-methacrylated xanthan gum (CMMXG) provided negative charges, ionic conductivity, and viscoelasticity. The cumulative ciprofloxacin hydrochloride (CPFXH) release mass dropped dramatically, whether the hydrogel was set at the anode or cathode with a potential of 3 V, due to irreversible electrochemical oxidation. Hydrogels with lower drug-loading amounts exhibited higher release efficiency when an electric stimulus was applied in the initial 5 h. A high CPFXH-loading amount led to rapid diffusion and quick electrochemical oxidation. For CMMXG3-MP7.5-CPFXH1680-LAP, the CPFXH release efficiency ratio of 3 to 0 V decreased from 1.33 ± 0.43 to 1.01 ± 0.06 over a duration of 0.5 ∼ 2 h, further indicating that the encouraged release and electrochemical degradation occurred simultaneously. The CPFXH release efficiency in phosphate buffer saline (pH = 7.4) was 1.5 times higher than that in simulated gastric fluid (pH = 1.2), and the CPFXH diffusion coefficient with loading weight was 6 times higher than that without loading, indicating that it was sensitive to pH and compressive force. The hydrogels exhibited electric, pH, and mechanical stimuli-responsiveness due to the presence of charged groups along the chains and viscoelasticity with robustness enough to respond and withstand compressive loading.

✓ 已验证 产品关联 DOI 高影响因子
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Biomedical Materials · 2020 ·Vol. 15 ·期 4 ·045023 · IF 3.174

Preparation and characterization of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-4-hydroxybutyrate)/pullulan-gelatin electrospun nanofibers with shell-core structure

Fanchen Sun,Jing Guo,Yuanfa Liu,Yue Yu

In this study, hydrophilic pullulan, which is favorable for cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation, was selected as a modifier for the preparation of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-4-hydroxybutyrate) (P(3HB-co-4HB))/pullulan nanofibers via electrospinning to improve the biocompatibility of P(3HB-co-4HB) and increase the drug loading of composite fibers. Alkyl polyglycoside was used as the emulsifying agent to promote emulsification and stabilize the P(3HB-co-4HB)/pullulan composite solution. Drug-loading property of the nanofibers with a shell-core structure is increased because gelatin was not formed into fibers via electrospinning, thereby forming a stable drug-containing gelatin solution in the core layer. Finally, P(3HB-co-4HB)/pullulan-gelatin shell-core nanofibers were prepared. The intermolecular interaction, morphology, crystallization properties, mechanical properties, morphology, sustained release, and biocompatibility of composite nanofibers were characterized. Results show that the crystallization property of P(3HB-co-4HB)/pullulan composite nanofibers increases continuously with an increase in the pullulan content. As the pullulan content increases, the strain and stress of P(3HB-co-4HB)/pullulan nanofibers increase initially and decrease later. At the mass ratio of P(3HB-co-4HB) to pullulan of 10:2, P(3HB-co-4HB)/pullulan composite nanofibers exhibit a uniform morphology with an average diameter of 590 nm and porosity of 70.71%. At this mass ratio, the P(3HB-co-4HB)/pullulan-gelatin/drug shell-core structure, which sustained a release effect for more than 180 h, has potential applications as biomaterials without cytotoxicity.

CAS / MDL: 98-10-2 9000-70-8
研究领域: 材料科学 · 生物医学工程 · 药学
✓ 已验证 产品关联 DOI PubMed 高影响因子
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES · 2024 · IF 7.7

A dialdehyde pullulan cross-linking strategy for immobilizing protamine onto silk fiber surfaces to achieve durable antibacterial function

Pirah Ayaz,Xi Liu,Yuyun Yu,Shuangfei Xiang,Shujun Zhao,Feiya Fu,Hongyan Diao,Xiangdong Liu

Covalent immobilization of antibacterial peptides (APs) onto silk protein-based materials has always been a challenge due to the lack of green and efficient macromolecular cross-linkers. Here, we proposed a dialdehyde polysaccharide cross-linker oxidized from pullulan for grafting a natural AP protamine (PM) onto silk fiber surface through a simple cold pad-batch process. The oxidized pullulan (OP) was linked to silk fiber surface through Schiff reaction and used for mediated cross-linking of PM also via Schiff base linkages. This modification introduced abundant PM guanidine groups on the fiber leading to much-desired antibacterial activity, and considerable improvement in the moisture transfer properties and shade depth. FTIR, XPS, SEM studies confirmed the presence of PM and the cross-linking structure between the polysaccharide and peptides on the fiber surfaces. The antibacterial activity imparted by this process was retained even after 20 washing and 50 rubbing cycles proving versatility and durability. Further, the process did not affect other critical silk properties such as appearance, tensile strength, biological safety, etc. Immobilization of PM onto silk fibers through this novel green polysaccharide cross-linker makes silk more appealing and usable and could also enlighten the attempts of cross-linking other protein materials.

CAS / MDL: 9057-02-7 7790-28-5
研究领域: 材料科学 · 纺织工程
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