CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
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2021
·Vol. 47
·期 18
·26310-26318
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IF 4.527
Hao Liu,Chuang Jie,Zhongzhuang Zhang,Zhoufu Wang,Yan Ma,Xitang Wang,Honghong Wang,Ke Wu,Guoqiang Zheng
A study of magnesia refractories containing glucose, citric acid, and metallic Al and their influences on structure, mechanical strength , and thermal shock resistance , is presented. Combined with thermodynamic calculation, microstructure, and properties analysis, the results show that formation of gluconates and citrates from the introduced glucose and citric acid enhanced the bonding of raw materials and the curing strength of samples. The pyrolysis of gluconates and citrates, and the oxidation and nitridation of metallic Al had significant effects on the microstructural evolution of magnesia refractories after high temperature treatments, mainly AlN and MgAl 2 O 4 whiskers in pores and particle gaps. The formation and development of whiskers give rise to samples improved toughness and thermal shock resistance. Increasing the metallic Al content from 0 wt% to 2 wt% enhanced the fracture surface energy of samples heat treated at 1400 °C from 82.22 kJ/m 2 to 119.75 kJ/m 2 . Meanwhile, after three thermal-shock cycles, the residual strength ratios of heat treated samples were elevated from 52.8% to 67.9%. On the basis of influences of phase transformation on the structure and properties of samples at different temperatures, considering the structural compactness and ability to withstand external stress for magnesia refractories used in metallurgical field, it is suggested that when glucose and citric acid are used as binders, the addition of metallic Al should be less than 3 wt%.
研究领域:
材料科学
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陶瓷
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耐火材料
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热力学
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微观结构分析
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ARABIAN JOURNAL FOR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
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2026
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IF 3.1
Afridi Muhammad Naveed,Adil Sawaira,Fatima Rida,Khan Fazal Maula,Ali Imran,Mir Irshad Ahmad,Miao Baoji,Lee Kang Hoon
Heavy metal contamination in industrial wastewater remains a critical global environmental concern. In this study, an Al/Mg/Zr-MOF (AMZ-MOF) was synthesized via a solvothermal method and systematically evaluated for Cr (VI) removal from aqueous solutions. Comparative analysis demonstrated that AMZ-MOF exhibited superior Cr (VI) removal efficiency relative to pristine Zr-MOF, Mg/Zr-MOF, and Al/Zr-MOF. The synthesized AMZ-MOF composite was subjected to comprehensive characterization using FESEM, TEM, XRD, BET, FTIR, and XPS analyses. The study systematically investigated the influence of key operational parameters, including contact time, temperature, pH, and initial Cr (VI) concentration, on the composite’s sorption behavior. AMZ-MOF demonstrated exceptional performance, achieving a maximum Cr (VI) sorption capacity of 185.2 mg/g. Remarkably, the sorbent exhibited rapid initial uptake kinetics, reaching adsorption equilibrium within 120 min. Mechanistic insight was gained through adsorption isotherm and kinetic modeling, revealing that the process is best described by the Langmuir isotherm and the Pseudo-Second-Order kinetic model, suggesting monolayer adsorption onto a heterogeneous surface and chemisorption as the rate-limiting step, respectively. Further FTIR and XPS analyses corroborated the proposed sorption mechanism, clarifying the key functional groups and surface interactions involved in Cr (VI) removal. The proposed adsorbent demonstrated excellent reusability over five adsorption–desorption cycles, underscoring its stability and practical potential for Cr (VI) remediation.
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PHYSICA B-CONDENSED MATTER
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2026
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IF 3.2
Weigang Zhang,Jialun Zhang,Guojuan Xu,Qianfeng Zhang
A high performance infrared and visible light compatible stealth coating was prepared by a simple method. • The leaf-mimetic PU/Al-ZnO composite coatings with yellow-green color and green peak characteristics. • The PU/Al-ZnO composite coating exhibits a prominent green peak at 544 nm, resembling that of green vegetation. • The PU/Al-ZnO composite coating exhibits excellent infrared stealth performance and mechanical properties. With the rapid development of various reconnaissance equipment targeting land-based equipment, traditional green camouflage coatings and low infrared emissivity camouflage coatings have become inadequate to meet practical needs. Developing green-based low infrared emissivity coatings with distinct green peak characteristics is an effective approach to address the aforementioned issues. In this study, using polyurethane resin as the matrix, yellow-blue polyurethane color paste as the colorant, flaky Al powder and zinc oxide (ZnO) as low emissivity functional fillers, a systematic regulation and optimization were carried out using the variable control method for the washing and drying duration of Al powder, the content of low emissivity fillers (Al powder + ZnO), the ratio of ZnO to Al powder, and the total amount of pigment and filler based on the comprehensive performance of the coating. The results show that after washing and drying the Al powder with ethanol for 3.5 h, the prepared coating exhibits a yellow-green appearance that matches green leaves. It has a characteristic reflection peak at 544 nm similar to that of green vegetation, and the coating has the lowest emissivity. Under the optimal washing and drying duration conditions for Al powder, the emissivity of the coating can be adjusted within the range of 0.738 to 0.807 by regulating the amount of low emissivity filler, while ensuring that the coating exhibits distinct yellow-green characteristics. When the amount of low emissivity filler is 16 wt% and the ratio of ZnO to Al powder is 6:4, the infrared emissivity of the coating reaches its lowest at 0.738, while maintaining distinct green peaks and yellow-green appearance characteristics. Finally, when the total amount of pigment and filler is adjusted to 40 wt%, the emissivity of the coating is the lowest, the yellow-green characteristics are prominent, and it has excellent mechanical properties.
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MICROPOROUS AND MESOPOROUS MATERIALS
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2026
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IF 4.5
Yongtai Li,Yuanting Du,Yushan Jia,Ruixi Yang,Weijun Shan,Zhenning Lou,Haibiao Yu,Ying Xiong
Hollow coral-like MCM-41-C was successfully prepared by adjust ethanol dosage. • Hollow coral-like 7wt%Al-MCM-41-C with rich weak acid site was prepared by impregnation. • Butene yield was 92.26% for 7wt%Al-MCM-41-C catalyst (300 °C, 90 min). • Due to hollow coral-like structure, 7wt%Al-MCM-41-C exhibits high catalytic stability. In this paper, the hollow coral-like ordered mesoporous MCM-41-C zeolites were synthesized by hydrothermal method, and their synthesis conditions were thoroughly investigated. Then, x wt%Al-MCM-41-C catalysts feature with hollow coral-like morphology were prepared by impregnation method, and used for the catalytic conversion of γ-valerolactone (GVL) to butene. The results showed that the introduction of Al species not only did not destroy the original special microscopic morphological structure of the MCM-41-C, but also co-existed on the surface and skeleton of the catalyst, resulting in a large number of weak acid sites. The optimal 7wt%Al-MCM-41-C catalyst has a specific surface area of 708.56 m 2 g −1 . The content of weak acid was 0.7262 mmol g −1 . At 300 °C, the GVL conversion and butene yield over the catalyst can reach 99.10% and 92.26%, respectively, within just 90 min of reaction. Meanwhile, the 7 wt%Al-MCM-41-C catalysts also demonstrated excellent catalytic cycle stability, and the butene yield remained above 90% after the 4th cycle. Download: Download high-res image (330KB) Download: Download full-size image
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JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
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2026
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IF 9.2
Shan Zhong,Bingqian Zhang,Lu Yang,Zengxian Wei,Qian Zhang,Xuan Ru,Zongchen Li,Lishan Zhang
Beryllium (Be) metallurgy generates residues that are simultaneously hazardous wastes and potentially valuable secondary resources, yet practical Be recovery remains challenging because of the strongly coupled Be and aluminum (Al) hydrolysis chemistry and the complex Al–NH 4 + sulfate matrix. The study demonstrates a pH-programmed, two-stage precipitation strategy for the integrated recovery of Be, Al, and NH 4 + from Be-bearing smelting residue. Equilibrium analysis and experimental results consistently showed that Al precipitated preferentially in the weakly acidic range (pH 4.2∼5.0), Be reached a stable precipitation domain only near neutrality (pH about 7.0), thereby creating an operable selectivity window of approximately 1∼2 pH units. Equilibrium modeling reveals a sequential Al-first and Be-second hydrolysis–precipitation pathway through staged pH control. To further mitigate matrix carryover, the process was coupled with targeted post-treatment: heavy-liquid upgrading removed entrained impurities from the Be-enriched precipitate, and selective acid leaching recovered residual Be from the Al-rich fraction. The integrated flowsheet produced high-purity Be(OH) 2 , Al(OH) 3 and (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 products with mean purities of 98.67%, 99.37%, and 99.47%, and recoveries of 78.52%, 97.74%, and 99.89%, respectively. A preliminary techno-economic assessment indicated a net benefit of approximately 2.13 × 10 4 CNY t −1 . These results demonstrate a simple, selective, and potentially scalable route for the comprehensive utilization of major recoverable components of Be-bearing smelting residue with simultaneous risk mitigation and resource recovery.
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PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
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2026
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IF 6.7
Guowei Zhang,Zhanhui Peng,Xiaobin Zhou,Qingqing Li,Junjie Meng,Di Wu,Lingling Wei,Pengfei Liang,Zupei Yang,Xiaolian Chao
Oxygen vacancies in (Al x In 1- x ) 0.0025 Nb 0.0025 Ti 0.995 O 2 ceramics are regulated by tuning the Al 3+ /In 3+ acceptor ratio at a fixed Nb 5+ donor content. • The sample with x = 0.4 achieves optimal dielectric performance: ultrahigh permittivity 2 × 10 4 and low dielectric loss ~0.05 over broad frequency and temperature ranges. • Al 3+ enrichment contracts the rutile lattice, reduces oxygen vacancies, and modulates Ti 3+ states and local lattice distortion. • Impedance, modulus and Arrhenius analyses verify thermally activated Ti 3+ /Ti 4+ carrier hopping and oxygen vacancy related dielectric relaxation in the ceramics. • Oxygen-vacancy dipoles and IBLC/SBLC interfacial polarization synergistically yield colossal permittivity in grain/grain-boundary heterostructures. TiO 2 -based colossal permittivity ceramics show promising potential for energy storage applications and sensing due to their superior dielectric performance and tunable defect structures. (Al x In 1− x ) 0.0025 Nb 0.0025 Ti 0.995 O 2 ceramics were fabricated via a solid-state reaction method, aiming to tailor oxygen vacancy defects through acceptor-ion substitution. With increasing Al content, the E g Raman mode exhibits a pronounced shift, indicating significant modulation of local lattice distortion and oxygen-vacancy concentration. Remarkably, the composition with x = 0.4 an excellent balance between dielectric permittivity and loss, exhibiting a dielectric constant of ~ 2 × 10 4 and a low dielectric loss of ~0.05. Detailed impedance and modulus analyses reveal that the observed dielectric relaxation originates from thermally activated Ti 3+ /Ti 4+ hopping and oxygen vacancy related defect responses. Combined with the electrically heterogeneous microstructure consisting of semiconducting grains and insulating grain boundaries, the colossal permittivity behavior is primarily attributed to an IBLC/SBLC-related polarization mechanism. Overall, a high dielectric constant can be achieved via defect engineering and triple doping modulation, providing a viable strategy for the design of next-generation dielectric capacitors.
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SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
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2026
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IF 9.1
Chang Liu,Liting Wang,Lu Wang,Heyang Sun,Yakun Wang,Zhiyong Guo
Ferrihydrite with different Al contents was prepared for norfloxacin degradation. • A total of 24 degradation products were identified and 3 pathways were proposed. • The ECOSAR prediction and inhibition zone tests were used for toxicity analysis. • Strategies for removing pollutants using Fe Al mineral catalysts are proposed. The high surface area and reactivity of ferrihydrite nanoparticles facilitate the transformation of contaminants. However, the interaction mechanisms between Al-substituted reconstituted ferrihydrite (Al-Fh) catalysts and contaminants are not well understood, which limits our ability to predict and optimize their environmental reactivity. In this study, we focused on the typical fluoroquinolone antibiotic, norfloxacin (NOR), and investigated its degradation characteristics and mechanisms in five Al-Fh catalytic systems under three pH conditions. It was confirmed that pH regulated the molecular configuration and charged distribution of NOR by density functional theory calculations. This affected the selection of the degradation pathway and the efficiency of electron transfer. The inhibition zone tests for Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli showed that the diameters decreased by 20.44 mm and 18.39 mm, respectively. The predicted toxicity of NOR and its degradation products showed that over 80% of the degradation products were harmless substances, and the toxicity of the products was minimal at pH = 7.5, posing less potential risk to the ecological environment. The findings of this study contribute to a deeper understanding of the interaction mechanisms between Al-Fh catalysts and fluoroquinolone antibiotics, and provide critical insights to mitigate the environmental risks posed by these emerging contaminants. Download: Download high-res image (135KB) Download: Download full-size image
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Crystals
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2026
·Vol. 16
·期 9
·553
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IF 2.9
Shanquan Deng,Junwei Zhu,Meihua Bian,Xingseng Zhang,Heng Chen,Yuyin He,Jianing Peng
The effects of equimolar La/Ce co-doping (0–0.4 wt.% of each element) on the microstructure, mechanical properties, and electrical conductivity of the Al-0.5Fe (8176) conductor alloy were investigated in the as-cast, cold-drawn, and annealed (300 °C, 2 h) states. La/Ce additions refine the as-cast eutectic cells and modify the detrimental Al13Fe4intermetallic from coarse plate-like to fine spheroidal particles. At 0.3 wt.% La + 0.3 wt.% Ce (0.3LC), the annealed wire reaches a peak elongation of 16.7% (+42.7% relative to the rare-earth-free alloy), while its electrical conductivity rises from 59.87 to 61.81% IACS. The conductivity increase is explained by a solute-scavenging mechanism: La and Ce bind Fe and Si impurities into stable Al-RE intermetallics, reducing solute-induced electron scattering in the α-Al matrix. At the same time, thermally stable Al-RE dispersoids pin subgrain boundaries during annealing, retard recrystallization, and preserve the fine-grained structure that benefits ductility. Both effects originate from the same RE addition. This coupled scavenging–pinning pathway breaks the usual trade-off between conductivity and ductility and defines an optimal composition range for high-performance Al-Fe conductor alloys.
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DESALINATION
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2026
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IF 9.9
Sehria Zia,Muhammad Kashif,Haojie Ge,Yafei Guo,Tianlong Deng
Mn-Co/Al-LDH enables efficient lithium capturing from Salt Lake Brines. • Fiber adsorbent exhibits excellent Li + selectivity, mechanical stability and durability. • PVDF@Mn-Co/Al-LDH design as fiber functionalization via wet spinning. • Dynamic uptake capacity of Li + 14.94 ± 1.23 mg·g −1 from Da-Qaidam Salt Lake. Lithium‑aluminum layered double hydroxides (LiAl-LDH) have been successfully used on a commercial scale to extract lithium from salt lake brine, their uncertain extraction procedure and inadequate Li + adsorption ability prevent further development of their uses. High selectivity of Li + has been achieved by the LDHs adsorption from high Mg/Li ratio salt lake brine, but zinc and titanium-based LDH adsorbents are unstable in acidic environments and pose environmental hazards. In this study, a novel trimetallic-based PVDF@Mn-Co/Al-LDH fibrous composite material with tunable properties is compared to bimetallic-LDHs. Density Functional Theory (DFT) is used to optimize the composite design and adsorption sites calculations. To approach the industrial application of Mn-Co/Al-LDH powder, it was further fabricated into porous nature fiber by wet spinning technology with cost effective PVDF form as strong binder with hydrophilicity exhibited Li + maximum adsorption capacity by 50% Mn-Co/Al-LDH fiber composition of 16.73 ± 1.02 mg.g −1 from Li + brine and the dynamic adsorption capacity is 14.94 ± 1.23 mg·g −1 with a 93% elution rate and 4–5% dissolution rate of Mn/Co ions. This synthetic fibrous composite adsorbent highlights a promising approach for evaluating LDH's potential in lithium extraction from rich‑lithium high Mg/Li ratio brine resources, due to its superior selectivity, adsorption/desorption performance and cyclic stability. Download: Download high-res image (139KB) Download: Download full-size image
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SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL
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2026
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IF 5.1
Kunpeng Gao,Junqi Tang
Propose low-cost multimodal flexible mechanical sensor fabrication. • Build model for LM sensor resistance-strain prediction. • Simultaneously monitor proximity, pressure, biaxial strain signals. • Sensor realizes voice, cervical bending & head posture detection. Flexible wearable sensors hold considerable promise for health monitoring and human–machine interfaces; however, their widespread adoption remains hindered by intricate fabrication protocols, suboptimal interfacial adhesion, and electromechanical models lacking predictive accuracy. Herein, we report a facile, MEMS(Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems)-free manufacturing strategy for a vertically stacked multifunctional sensor utilizing mechanochemically modified Al₂O₃/liquid metal (LM) composite. The semi-solid Al₂O₃/LM phase markedly enhances interfacial bonding with Ecoflex substrates, while template-guided blade coating enables micropatterning with 300 μm feature resolution. The integrated device combines dual-axial resistive strain sensing with capacitive pressure and proximity detection, facilitating simultaneous discrimination of orthogonal (x and y) strains, normal pressure (0.03–15 kPa), and object proximity. A refined numerical model is established to predict resistance evolution with high fidelity across 0–300% strain. The sensor demonstrates a strain detection range of 1%–400%, linear pressure sensitivity, and robust cycling stability over 10,000 stretch–release cycles. Its conformable integration onto human skin enables accurate monitoring of head movements and vocalization, underscoring substantial potential for wearable electronics and soft human–machine interfaces. Download: Download high-res image (246KB) Download: Download full-size image
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INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
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2026
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IF 3.9
Qi Zeng,Xinyi Xie,Cuilian Zhu,Lili Hu,Bo Xiao,Shupeng Guo,Bo Hou,Lili Liu,Min Zhong
The SiC NP-modified high thermal conductivity Co/Al2O3@Al Fischer–Tropsch synthesis (FTS) catalyst has been proven to significantly enhance catalytic activity and selectivity toward long-chain hydrocarbons (C5+), but the underlying mechanism responsible for this promotional effect remains unclear. In this study, commercially available SiO2 NPs are used as a substitute for SiC NPs to prepare a cost-effective SiO2-modified Co/Al2O3@Al catalyst (Co/AS-O) for improved FTS performance, serving as a reference to elucidate the unique role of SiC NPs in enhancing FTS performance. Systematic characterizations demonstrate that SiC promotes the formation of the hexagonal close-packed (HCP) Co phase, yielding a higher intrinsic activity. In contrast, the face-centered cubic (FCC) Co phase predominates in the Co/AS-O and an unmodified reference catalyst (Co/A-Y). Although both modified catalysts exhibit enhanced CO conversion, the superior activity of the SiC NP-modified catalyst (Co/AS-C) stems from an increased density of active sites and its higher intrinsic activity, as evidenced by a higher turnover frequency (TOF). In contrast, the enhancement for Co/AS-O is solely due to a greater number of exposed Co0 sites. Moreover, the incorporation of NPs enhances *CO adsorption and restricts the activity of surface *H species, collectively establishing a *C-rich microenvironment that promotes chain growth and olefin formation. This study provides a fundamental understanding of how inert NPs modulate the FTS performance of the thermally conductive Co/Al2O3@Al catalyst.
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Molecular Catalysis
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2026
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IF 4.3
Xiaofei Ma,Shijiao Hao,Hui Jiang,Weiqian Qi,Hefang Wang
Cu-Al mixed oxide catalysts (CxA-LDO), prepared via calcination of layered double hydroxides (LDHs) precursors, were investigated for the transesterification of propylene carbonate (PC) with methanol to dimethyl carbonate (DMC). Characterization demonstrated that calcination temperature and the Cu/Al molar ratio critically influence the surface basicity properties and structural stability. Under optimized conditions (80 °C, 2 h, 2.0 wt% loading, MeOH/PC = 10:1), the C 0.5 A-400-LDO catalyst achieved 57.93% PC conversion and 57.29% DMC yield (TON = 28.94). Surface basicity was identified as the key governing factor for the reaction. This conclusion is supported by a strong correlation observed between the reaction rate and the number of total basic sites. However, the catalyst deactivated significantly over six cycles (PC conversion dropped from 57.93% to 47.2%), which ICP-AES analysis unambiguously attributed to significant copper leaching (8.1 wt.% net loss) rather than sintering. Kinetic analysis revealed a complex reaction mechanism that could be simplified to pseudo-first-order reaction behavior. The activation energies were determined to be Ea( k + ) = 51.61 kJ·mol -1 for the forward reaction and Ea(k - ) = 55.34 kJ·mol -1 for the reverse reaction. Concurrently, a hybrid genetic algorithm-optimized backpropagation (GA-BP) neural network was developed. Compared to conventional BP, the GA-BP model demonstrated superior predictive accuracy (R 2 = 0.997 for training set and 0.977 for testing set) and exhibited significantly reduced error metrics. This study not only contributes to the fundamental understanding of base-catalyzed transesterification but also introduces a synergistic experimental-computational strategy applicable to rational catalyst design.
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